Retro Diels-Alder fragmentation of fulvene-maleimide bioconjugates for mass spectrometric detection of biomolecules
Date
2021
Authors
Stevens, K.G.
McFarlane, L.O.
Platts, K.
O'Brien-Simpson, N.
Li, W.
Blencowe, A.
Trim, P.J.
Pukala, T.L.
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Journal article
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Analytical Chemistry, 2021; 93(36):12204-12212
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Katherine G. Stevens, Lewis O. McFarlane, Kirsten Platts, Neil O’Brien-Simpson, Wenyi Li, Anton Blencowe, Paul J. Trim, and Tara L. Pukala
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Abstract
Diels-Alder chemistry is a well-explored avenue for the synthesis of bioactive materials; however, its potential applications have recently expanded following the development of reactions that can be performed in buffered aqueous environments at low temperatures, including fulvene-maleimide [4 + 2] cycloadditions. In this study, we synthesized two novel amine-reactive fulvene linkers to demonstrate the application of this chemistry for generating mass spectrometry-cleavable labels ("mass tags"), which can be used for the labeling and detection of proteins. Successful conjugation of these linkers to maleimide-labeled peptides was observed at low temperatures in phosphate-buffered saline, allowing the non-destructive modification of proteins with such mass tags. The labile nature of fulvene-maleimide adducts in the gas phase also makes them suitable for both matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometric analysis. Unlike previous examples of MALDI mass tags, we show that fulvene-maleimide cycloaddition adducts fragment predictably upon gas-phase activation without the need for bulky photocleavable groups. Further exploration of this chemistry could therefore lead to new approaches for mass spectrometry-based bioassays.
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© 2021 American Chemical Society