Repolarization of M2 to M1 Macrophages Triggered by Lactate Oxidase Released from Methylcellulose Hydrogel
Date
2019
Authors
Liao, Z.X.
Fa, Y.C.
Kempson, I.M.
Tseng, S.J.
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Journal article
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Bioconjugate Chemistry, 2019; 30(10):2697-2702
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Abstract
Deregulated proliferation of tumors is generally associated with altered energy metabolism. A high rate of anaerobic glycolysis in solid tumors contributes to an acidification of pH to ∼6.7-7.2 in the tumor microenvironment and lactate accumulation. Macrophages in the tumor microenvironment can be educated by tumor cells. Tumor-derived lactate induces the polarization of M2 macrophages and promotes tumor invasion and metastasis. However, a particular challenge is to sustain lactate depletion. We propose that the repolarization of the tumor-supportive M2 macrophage to the tumor-suppressive M1 macrophage after the depletion of lactate by lactate oxidase (LOX) released from the hydrogels in the tumor microenvironment may enhance the antitumor treatment efficacy.
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Data source: Supporting information, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00618
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Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society