Effects of intraduodenal glutamine on incretin hormone and insulin release, the glycemic response to an intraduodenal glucose infusion, and antropyloroduodenal motility in health and type 2 diabetes

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dc.contributor.authorChang, J.
dc.contributor.authorWu, T.
dc.contributor.authorGreenfield, J.
dc.contributor.authorSamocha-Bonet, D.
dc.contributor.authorHorowitz, M.
dc.contributor.authorRayner, C.
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVE Glutamine reduces postprandial glycemia when given before oral glucose. We evaluated whether this is mediated by stimulation of insulin and/or slowing of gastric emptying. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ten healthy subjects were studied during intraduodenal (ID) infusion of glutamine (7.5 or 15 g) or saline over 30 min, followed by glucose (75 g over 100 min), while recording antropyloroduodenal pressures. Ten patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were also studied with 15 g glutamine or saline. RESULTS ID glutamine stimulated glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1; healthy: P < 0.05; T2DM: P < 0.05), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP; P = 0.098; P < 0.05), glucagon (P < 0.01; P < 0.001), insulin (P = 0.05; P < 0.01), and phasic pyloric pressures (P < 0.05; P < 0.05), but did not lower blood glucose (P = 0.077; P = 0.5). CONCLUSIONS Glutamine does not lower glycemia after ID glucose, despite stimulating GLP-1, GIP, and insulin, probably due to increased glucagon. Its capacity for pyloric stimulation suggests that delayed gastric emptying is a major mechanism for lowering glycemia when glutamine is given before oral glucose.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityJessica Chang, Tongzhi Wu, Jerry R. Greenfield, Dorit Samocha-Bonet, Michael Horowitz, and Christopher K. Rayner
dc.identifier.citationDiabetes Care, 2013; 36(8):2262-2265
dc.identifier.doi10.2337/dc12-1663
dc.identifier.issn0149-5992
dc.identifier.issn1935-5548
dc.identifier.orcidWu, T. [0000-0003-1656-9210]
dc.identifier.orcidHorowitz, M. [0000-0002-0942-0306]
dc.identifier.orcidRayner, C. [0000-0002-5527-256X]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/82155
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmer Diabetes Assoc
dc.rights© 2013 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-1663
dc.subjectDuodenum
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2
dc.subjectGastric Inhibitory Polypeptide
dc.subjectGlucagon
dc.subjectInsulin
dc.subjectGlucose
dc.subjectBlood Glucose
dc.subjectGlutamine
dc.subjectGastric Emptying
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectAged
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectGlucagon-Like Peptide 1
dc.subjectIncretins
dc.subjectHealthy Volunteers
dc.subjectInsulin Secretion
dc.titleEffects of intraduodenal glutamine on incretin hormone and insulin release, the glycemic response to an intraduodenal glucose infusion, and antropyloroduodenal motility in health and type 2 diabetes
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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