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Model-driven engineering for digital twins: opportunities and challenges

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dc.contributor.authorMichael, J.
dc.contributor.authorCleophas, L.
dc.contributor.authorZschaler, S.
dc.contributor.authorClark, T.
dc.contributor.authorStumptner, M.
dc.contributor.authorVangheluwe, H.
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractDigital twins are increasingly used across a wide range of industries. Modeling is a key to digital twin development-both when considering the models which a digital twin maintains of its real-world complement ("models in digital twin") and when considering models of the digital twin as a complex (software) system itself. Thus, systematic development and maintenance of these models is a key factor in effective and efficient digital twin development, maintenance, and use. We argue that model-driven engineering (MDE), a field with almost three decades of research, will be essential for improving the efficiency and reliability of future digital twin development. To do so, we present an overview of the digital twin life cycle, identifying the different types of models that should be used and re-used at different life cycle stages (including systems engineering models of the actual system, domain-specific simulation models, models of data processing pipelines, etc.). We highlight some approaches in MDE that can help create and manage these models and present a roadmap for research towards MDE of digital twins.
dc.identifier.citationSystems Engineering, online, 2025; online(5):1-12
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/sys.21815
dc.identifier.issn1098-1241
dc.identifier.issn1520-6858
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11541.2/42759
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons
dc.relation.fundingDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
dc.relation.fundingDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) 505496753
dc.relation.fundingDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) ANR-22-CE92-0068
dc.relation.fundingAgence Nationale De La Recherche 101140216
dc.relation.fundingKey Digital Technologies (KDT) Joint Undertaking through the European Union's Horizon Europe project MATISSE
dc.rightsCopyright 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/sys.21815
dc.subjectcyber-physical systems
dc.subjectdigital twin
dc.subjectmodel-driven engineering
dc.subjectsystems engineering
dc.titleModel-driven engineering for digital twins: opportunities and challenges
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished
ror.fileinfo12301663940001831 13301663930001831 Model-Driven Engineering for Digital Twins
ror.mmsid9916964945401831

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