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Effect of a high-protein, energy-restricted diet on body composition, glycemic control, and lipid concentrations in overweight and obese hyperinsulinemic men and women

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dc.contributor.authorFarnsworth, E.
dc.contributor.authorLuscombe-Marsh, N.
dc.contributor.authorNoakes, M.
dc.contributor.authorWittert, G.
dc.contributor.authorArgyiou, E.
dc.contributor.authorClifton, P.
dc.date.issued2003
dc.descriptionCopyright © 2003 American Society for Clinical Nutrition
dc.description.abstract<h4>Background</h4>It is not clear whether varying the protein-to-carbohydrate ratio of weight-loss diets benefits body composition or metabolism.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective was to compare the effects of 2 weight-loss diets differing in protein-to-carbohydrate ratio on body composition, glucose and lipid metabolism, and markers of bone turnover.<h4>Design</h4>A parallel design included either a high-protein diet of meat, poultry, and dairy foods (HP diet: 27% of energy as protein, 44% as carbohydrate, and 29% as fat) or a standard-protein diet low in those foods (SP diet: 16% of energy as protein, 57% as carbohydrate, and 27% as fat) during 12 wk of energy restriction (6-6.3 MJ/d) and 4 wk of energy balance ( approximately 8.2 MJ/d). Fifty-seven overweight volunteers with fasting insulin concentrations > 12 mU/L completed the study.<h4>Results</h4>Weight loss (7.9 +/- 0.5 kg) and total fat loss (6.9 +/- 0.4 kg) did not differ between diet groups. In women, total lean mass was significantly (P = 0.02) better preserved with the HP diet (-0.1 +/- 0.3 kg) than with the SP diet (-1.5 +/- 0.3 kg). Those fed the HP diet had significantly (P < 0.03) less glycemic response at weeks 0 and 16 than did those fed the SP diet. After weight loss, the glycemic response decreased significantly (P < 0.05) more in the HP diet group. The reduction in serum triacylglycerol concentrations was significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the HP diet group (23%) than in the SP diet group (10%). Markers of bone turnover, calcium excretion, and systolic blood pressure were unchanged.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Replacing carbohydrate with protein from meat, poultry, and dairy foods has beneficial metabolic effects and no adverse effects on markers of bone turnover or calcium excretion.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityEmma Farnsworth, Natalie D Luscombe, Manny Noakes, Gary Wittert, Eleni Argyiou and Peter M Clifton
dc.identifier.citationAmerican Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2003; 78(1):31-39
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/ajcn/78.1.31
dc.identifier.issn0002-9165
dc.identifier.issn1938-3207
dc.identifier.orcidLuscombe-Marsh, N. [0000-0001-9690-4722]
dc.identifier.orcidWittert, G. [0000-0001-6818-6065]
dc.identifier.orcidClifton, P. [0000-0002-6411-626X]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/2915
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmer Soc Clinical Nutrition
dc.source.urihttp://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/abstract/78/1/31
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectHyperinsulinism
dc.subjectInsulin Resistance
dc.subjectObesity
dc.subjectBlood Glucose
dc.subjectLipids
dc.subjectFatty Acids, Nonesterified
dc.subjectTriglycerides
dc.subjectDietary Proteins
dc.subjectDiet
dc.subjectBody Composition
dc.subjectEnergy Intake
dc.subjectMiddle Aged
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectCholesterol, LDL
dc.subjectCholesterol, HDL
dc.titleEffect of a high-protein, energy-restricted diet on body composition, glycemic control, and lipid concentrations in overweight and obese hyperinsulinemic men and women
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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