Short-term responses of soil cone index and biopore with different rates of straw incorporation in rice-wheat cropping system
Date
2018
Authors
Belal, E.
Ding, Q.
He, R.
Li, Y.
Yousaf, K.
Fielke, J.
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Journal article
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FRESENIUS ENVIRONMENTAL BULLETIN, 2018; 27(5A):3452-3461
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Abstract
Rotary-tillage straw incorporation favors soil quality enhancement for agricultural sustainability in Rice-Wheat (R-W) crop rotation. To investigate the effects of straw incorporation on short-term responses of soil Cone Index (CI), Bulk Density (BD) and Biopore (BP), we conducted a 2-yr (2014-2016) experiment in the lowland of Yangtze River Delta. Five treatments were tested: (i) no straw incorporation (0S); (ii) 25% straw incorporation (25S); (iii) 50% straw incorporation (50S); (iv) 75% straw incorporation (75S); (v) 100% surface mulch (100M). The CI and BD were determined at depths of 10, 20 and 30 cm while BP was determined in 0-20 cm depth. Root distribution index (RDI) was measured with a 3D digitizer then virtually reconstructed in Pro-E. It was observed that CI and total BD decreased by 16.2% and 7.4%, respectively. While soil porosity within 0-30 cm soil depth was proportionally increased with straw application rate as compared with OS. In addition, deeper root penetration coupled with greater pores were achieved with straw incorporation as compared with 0S and 100M. We concluded that the 75% annual straw incorporation rate is the best option for improving soil physical properties in the R-W cropping system in China.
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Copyright 2018 PSP and PRT