A fibre-optic platform for sensing nitrate using conducting polymers

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dc.contributor.authorShahnia, S.
dc.contributor.authorEbendorff-Heidepriem, H.
dc.contributor.authorEvans, D.
dc.contributor.authorAfshar, S.
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractMonitoring nitrate ions is essential in agriculture, food industry, health sector and aquatic ecosystem. We show that a conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), can be used for nitrate sensing through a process in which nitrate ion uptake leads to oxidation of PEDOT and change of its optical properties. In this study, a new platform is developed in which a single-mode fibre coated at the tip with PEDOT is used for nitrate sensing. A crucial step towards this goal is introduction of carbonate exposure to chemically reduced PEDOT to a baseline value. The proposed platform exhibits the change in optical behaviour of the PEDOT layer at the tip of the fibre as it undergoes chemical oxidation and reduction (redox). The change in optical properties due to redox switching varies with the intensity of light back reflected by the fibre coated with PEDOT. The proposed platform during oxidation demonstrates linear response for the uptake of nitrate ions in concentrations ranging between 0.2 and 40 parts per million (ppm), with a regression coefficient R2=0.97 and a detection limit of 6.7 ppm. The procedure for redox switching is repeatable as the back reflection light intensity reaches ±1.5% of the initial value after reduction.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilitySoroush Shahnia, Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem, Drew Evans and Shahraam Afshar
dc.identifier.citationSensors, 2021; 21(1):1-11
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/s21010138
dc.identifier.issn1424-8220
dc.identifier.issn1424-8220
dc.identifier.orcidEbendorff-Heidepriem, H. [0000-0002-4877-7770]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/129705
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP170104367
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT160100300
dc.rights© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/).
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/s21010138
dc.subjectPEDOT
dc.subjectconducting polymer
dc.subjectnitrate sensing
dc.subjectoptical fibre
dc.titleA fibre-optic platform for sensing nitrate using conducting polymers
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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