Seismic performance and fragility analysis of underground structures with 3D isolation bearings in a ground fissure site
Date
2025
Authors
Chen, X.
Li, R.
Xiong, Z.
Liu, Y.
Zhuge, Y.
Sun, Q.
Wang, H.
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Journal article
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Engineering structures, 2025; 343(121247):1-18
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Abstract
Ground fissure zones are prone to severe horizontal and vertical deformation due to the combined effects of fissure dislocation and seismic activity, posing a serious threat to the safety of underground structures. This study proposed installing three-dimensional isolation (3DI) bearings at the column tops to improve the seismic performance of underground structures in ground fissure environment. A subway station in ground fissure environment was adopted as a case study, and nonlinear finite element (FE) models incorporating soil-structure interaction were developed and validated against the shaking table test. The proposed FE model could accurately capture the seismic response of underground structures in ground fissure area. Incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) were performed on both the original and retrofitted structures equipped with 3DI bearings and horizontal isolation bearings, taking into account the dislocation between the hanging wall and footwall. Seismic fragility curves were developed for each structure to facilitate risk assessment across multiple performance levels. The results showed that relative vertical settlement (dislocation) in ground fissure site significantly reduced the seismic performance of underground structures. Horizontal isolation alone is insufficient to meet performance requirements under large dislocation, while three-dimensional isolation can sustain a high level of seismic performance. At all performance levels, the retrofitted structures exhibited significantly lower failure probabilities compared to the original structure under identical earthquake intensities and dislocation conditions. Compared to horizontal isolation bearings, three-dimensional isolation bearings demonstrated broader applicability by maintaining effective seismic mitigation across a wider range of ground fissure dislocations (0–150 mm) and seismic intensity levels (0.05–0.6 g). These findings can provide a basis of seismic design for underground structures in ground fissure environment.
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