Cogranulation of low rates of graphene and graphene oxide with macronutrient fertilizers remarkably improves their physical properties

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dc.contributor.authorKabiri, S.
dc.contributor.authorBaird, R.
dc.contributor.authorTran, D.
dc.contributor.authorAndelkovic, I.
dc.contributor.authorMcLaughlin, M.
dc.contributor.authorLosic, D.
dc.date.issued2018
dc.descriptionPublished: November 20, 2017
dc.description.abstractThe beneficial effects of graphene (GN) and graphene oxide (GO) additives on the physical properties of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) fertilizer granules were investigated. Low doses (0.05 to 0.5% w/w) of GN and GO sheets were cogranulated with MAP and effects on the crushing strength, abrasion and impact resistance of prepared granules were evaluated. Cogranulation with 0.5% w/w GN sheets (MAP-GN) significantly enhanced the mechanical strength of MAP granules (∼18 times improvement) whereas inclusion of same amounts of GO sheets (MAP-GO) improved the strength to a lesser extent (∼8 times improvement). The cogranulation of GN also improved MAP granules resistance to abrasion (>70%) and impact resistance (>75%). Heating MAP-GO granules at 50 °C after granulation is shown to enhance their physical properties in comparison to MAP-GO granules dried under ambient temperatures. The advantages of GN and GO sheets compared with current additives in enhancing the physical properties of MAP granules are explained by their high specific area, superior nanofiller–matrix and adhesion/interlocking ability arising from their unique wrinkled structures and two-dimensional (2D) geometry. These results confirm the potential of GN/GO additives to enhance the physical properties of MAP granules that could be translated to other fertilizers and applied in the industry.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityShervin Kabiri, Roslyn Baird, Diana N. H. Tran, Ivan Andelkovic, Mike J. McLaughlin, and Dusan Losic
dc.identifier.citationACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 2018; 6(1):1299-1309
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03655
dc.identifier.issn2168-0485
dc.identifier.issn2168-0485
dc.identifier.orcidKabiri, S. [0000-0002-2269-6075]
dc.identifier.orcidBaird, R. [0000-0002-1269-0323]
dc.identifier.orcidTran, D. [0000-0002-4023-3373]
dc.identifier.orcidAndelkovic, I. [0000-0002-4570-0540]
dc.identifier.orcidMcLaughlin, M. [0000-0001-6796-4144]
dc.identifier.orcidLosic, D. [0000-0002-1930-072X]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/111494
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Society
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP150101760
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/IH150100003
dc.rights© 2017 American Chemical Society
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03655
dc.subjectGraphene; graphene oxide; fertilizers; crushing strength; abrasion; impact resistance; caking tendency
dc.titleCogranulation of low rates of graphene and graphene oxide with macronutrient fertilizers remarkably improves their physical properties
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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