Swell-shrink behavior of rubberized expansive clays during alternate wetting and drying

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dc.contributor.authorSoltani, A.
dc.contributor.authorDeng, A.
dc.contributor.authorTaheri, A.
dc.contributor.authorMirzababaei, M.
dc.contributor.authorVanapalli, S.K.
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractThe present study examines rubber’s capacity of improving the swell–shrink potential of expansive clays. Two rubber types of fine and coarse categories with different geometrical features were considered. The test program consisted of standard Proctor compaction and cyclic wetting–drying tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was also performed to identify the soil–rubber amending mechanisms, and to observe the evolution of fabric in response to alternate wetting and drying. Cyclic wetting–drying led to the reconstruction of the soil/soil–rubber microstructure by way of inducing aggregation and cementation of the soil grains. The greater the number of applied cycles, the lower the swell–shrink features, following a monotonically decreasing trend, with the rubberized blends holding a notable advantage over the virgin soil. The tendency for reduction, however, was in favor of a larger rubber size, and more importantly the rubber’s elongated form factor; thus, predicating a rubber size/shape-dependent amending mechanism. The soil–rubber amending mechanisms were discussed in three aspects—increase in non-expansive content, frictional resistance generated as a result of soil–rubber contact, and mechanical interlocking of rubber particles and soil grains. The swell–shrink patterns/paths indicated an expansive accumulated deformation for the virgin soil, whereas the rubberized blends manifested a relatively neutral deformational state, thereby corroborating the rubber’s capacity to counteract the heave and/or settlement incurred by alternate wetting and drying.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityAmin Soltani, An Deng, Abbas Taheri, Mehdi Mirzababaei and Sai K. Vanapalli
dc.identifier.citationMinerals, 2019; 9(4):224-1-224-18
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/min9040224
dc.identifier.issn2075-163X
dc.identifier.issn2075-163X
dc.identifier.orcidSoltani, A. [0000-0002-0483-7487]
dc.identifier.orcidDeng, A. [0000-0002-3897-9803]
dc.identifier.orcidTaheri, A. [0000-0003-4176-5379]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/121075
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP140103004
dc.rights© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/min9040224
dc.subjectExpansive clay; rubber size/shape; cyclic wetting-drying; swell-shrink potential; accumulated deformation; frictional resistance; mechanical interlocking
dc.titleSwell-shrink behavior of rubberized expansive clays during alternate wetting and drying
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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