Corticotrophs and peptides

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorSchwartz, J.
dc.contributor.authorRevskoy, S.
dc.contributor.authorRedei, E.
dc.contributor.authorClifton, V.
dc.contributor.authorSmith, R.
dc.contributor.authorCherny, R.
dc.date.issued2002
dc.description© 2008 Informa plc
dc.description.abstractCorticotrophs were long thought to be a static, homogeneous population of cells that respond positively to hypothalamic stimulation, are inhibited by glucocorticoid feedback and secrete a single biologically active peptide, ACTH (1–39) . Our current understanding is that this is an oversimplification and corticotrophs are a dynamic and more complex group of cells. The biosynthetic precursors of ACTH and other cleavage products of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) have been found to be secreted by anterior pituitary cells, to circulate and to have biological activity. POMC and the biosynthetic intermediate, pro-ACTH, exert activity antagonistic to ACTH (1–39) on glucocorticoid secretion by adrenal cells, and other derivatives of POMC are mitogenic to adrenocortical cells. In terms of responses to hypothalamic and peripheral fac-tors, corticotrophs are functionally heterogeneous. This is reflected in the sensitivity of individual subtypes of corticotrophs to CRH, vasopressin and glucocorticoids. There is a functional plasticity amongst the various types of corticotrophs. During gestation, in fetal sheep, changes occur in the overall ACTH-secretory responses to CRH relative to vasopressin, the proportions of total corticotrophs that respond to the respective peptides and the average secretory response of individual cells. Corticotrophs also respond to locally produced pituitary factors. Local actions of leukaemia inhibitory factor are demonstrated by the effects of immunoneutralization of the peptide in pituitary cells. Urocortin and preproTRH (178–199) are locally produced peptides with potent stimulatory and inhibitory actions on corticotrophs, respectively. The specific roles of these peptides are under investigation.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilitySchwartz J., Revskoy S., Clifton V., Smith R. and Cherny R
dc.identifier.citationArchives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2002; 110(1-2):146-153
dc.identifier.doi10.1076/apab.110.1.146.892
dc.identifier.issn1381-3455
dc.identifier.issn1744-4160
dc.identifier.orcidClifton, V. [0000-0002-4892-6748]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/39706
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSwets Zeitlinger Publishers
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1076/apab.110.1.146.892
dc.subjectPituitary Gland, Anterior
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectSheep
dc.subjectRats
dc.subjectCorticotropin-Releasing Hormone
dc.subjectPituitary Hormones, Anterior
dc.subjectPro-Opiomelanocortin
dc.subjectSignal Transduction
dc.subjectAdrenocorticotropic Hormone
dc.subjectUrocortins
dc.titleCorticotrophs and peptides
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

Files

Collections

Physiology publications