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A high prevalence of zinc-but not iron-deficiency among women in Rural Malawi: a cross-sectional study

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dc.contributor.authorSiyame, E.
dc.contributor.authorHurst, R.
dc.contributor.authorWawer, A.
dc.contributor.authorYoung, S.
dc.contributor.authorBroadley, M.
dc.contributor.authorChilimba, A.
dc.contributor.authorAnder, L.
dc.contributor.authorWatts, M.
dc.contributor.authorChilima, B.
dc.contributor.authorGondwe, J.
dc.contributor.authorKang'ombe, D.
dc.contributor.authorKalimbira, A.
dc.contributor.authorFairweather-Tait, S.
dc.contributor.authorBailey, K.
dc.contributor.authorGibson, R.
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractZinc deficiency is often associated with nutritional iron deficiency (ID), and may be exacerbated by low selenium status.To investigate risk of iron and zinc deficiency in women with contrasting selenium status.In a cross-sectional study, 1-day diet composites and blood samples were collected from self-selected Malawian women aged 18-50 years from low- (Zombwe) (n=60) and high-plant-available soil selenium (Mikalango) (n=60) districts. Diets were analyzed for trace elements and blood for biomarkers.Zinc deficiency (>90 %) was greater than ID anemia (6 %), or ID (5 %), attributed to diets low in zinc (median 5.7 mg/day) with high phytate:zinc molar ratios (20.0), but high in iron (21.0 mg/day) from soil contaminant iron. Zombwe compared to Mikalango women had lower (p<0.05) intakes of selenium (6.5 vs. 55.3 µg/day), zinc (4.8 vs. 6.4 mg/day), iron (16.6 vs. 29.6 mg/day), lower plasma selenium (0.72 vs. 1.60 µmol/L), and higher body iron (5.3 vs. 3.8 mg/kg), although plasma zinc was similar (8.60 vs. 8.87 µmol/L). Body iron and plasma zinc were positive determinants of hemoglobin.Risk of zinc deficiency was higher than ID and was shown not to be associated with selenium status. Plasma zinc was almost as important as body iron as a hemoglobin determinant.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityEdwin W. P. Siyame, Rachel Hurst, Anna A. Wawer, Scott D. Young, Martin R. Broadley, Allan D. C. Chilimba, Louise E. Ander, Michael J. Watts, Benson Chilima, Jellita Gondwe, Dalitso Kang, ombe, Alexander Kalimbira, Susan J. Fairweather-Tait, Karl B. Bailey and Rosalind S. Gibson
dc.identifier.citationInternational Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 2014; 83(3):176-187
dc.identifier.doi10.1024/0300-9831/a000158
dc.identifier.issn0300-9831
dc.identifier.issn1664-2821
dc.identifier.orcidWawer, A. [0000-0002-3308-3645]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/112571
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherHOGREFE AG-HOGREFE AG SUISSE
dc.rights© 2013 Hans Huber Publishers, Hogrefe AG, Bern
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000158
dc.subjectMalawi; women; diet composites; plasma Zn; Se status; body iron; anemia
dc.titleA high prevalence of zinc-but not iron-deficiency among women in Rural Malawi: a cross-sectional study
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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