Punctal and canalicular anatomy: Implications for canalicular occlusion in severe dry eye

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dc.contributor.authorKakizaki, H.
dc.contributor.authorTakahashi, Y.
dc.contributor.authorIwaki, M.
dc.contributor.authorNakano, T.
dc.contributor.authorAsamoto, K.
dc.contributor.authorIkeda, H.
dc.contributor.authorGoto, E.
dc.contributor.authorSelva-Nayagam, D.
dc.contributor.authorLeibovitch, I.
dc.date.issued2012
dc.description.abstract<h4>Purpose</h4>To characterize the microscopic anatomy of the lacrimal punctum and canaliculi in relation to the tarsal plate, muscle of Riolan, and Horner muscle; and to report a novel technique to excise the horizontal canaliculus in severe dry eye patients.<h4>Design</h4>Observational anatomic study and a retrospective case series.<h4>Methods</h4>The microscopic anatomy was studied in 86 eyelids of 25 cadavers (age range: 45-96 years, mean: 79.5 years). Surgery was performed on 18 canaliculi of 7 patients with dry eyes (age range: 37-69 years, mean: 59.9 years). In the microscopic study, 32 eyelids were incised sagittally, 38 eyelids were incised horizontally (1 mm from the eyelid margin), and 16 eyelids were incised parallel to the tarsal plate. All specimens were stained with Masson trichrome. In the surgical group, probe-guided horizontal canalicular excision with incision of the Horner muscle to the lateral edge of the lacrimal caruncle was performed. Both canalicular stumps were cauterized.<h4>Results</h4>In the microscopic anatomic study, the punctum and the vertical canaliculus were part of the tarsal plate with the muscle of Riolan, whereas the horizontal canaliculus was surrounded by the Horner muscle. In the surgical group, all the operated canaliculi were completely occluded without recanalization 12 months postoperatively. No complications were recorded.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Based on microscopic anatomic findings that the lacrimal punctum and the vertical canaliculus are part of the tarsal plate, and that the horizontal canaliculus is surrounded by the Horner muscle, excision of the horizontal canaliculus may be an effective technique to treat patients with severe dry eyes.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityHirohiko Kakizaki, Yasuhiro Takahashi, Masayoshi Iwaki, Takashi Nakano, Ken Asamoto, Hiroshi Ikeda, Eiki Goto, Dinesh Selva, and Igal Leibovitch
dc.identifier.citationAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology, 2012; 153(2):229-237
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ajo.2011.07.010
dc.identifier.issn0002-9394
dc.identifier.issn1879-1891
dc.identifier.orcidSelva-Nayagam, D. [0000-0002-2169-5417]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/70085
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier Science Inc
dc.rightsCopyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2011.07.010
dc.subjectEyelids
dc.subjectOculomotor Muscles
dc.subjectLacrimal Apparatus
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectDry Eye Syndromes
dc.subjectTreatment Outcome
dc.subjectOphthalmologic Surgical Procedures
dc.subjectDacryocystorhinostomy
dc.subjectProsthesis Implantation
dc.subjectRetrospective Studies
dc.subjectProstheses and Implants
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectAged
dc.subjectAged, 80 and over
dc.subjectMiddle Aged
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectMale
dc.titlePunctal and canalicular anatomy: Implications for canalicular occlusion in severe dry eye
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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