Effect of the artificial sweetener, sucralose, on gastric emptying and incretin hormone release in healthy subjects

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dc.contributor.authorMa, J.
dc.contributor.authorBellon, M.
dc.contributor.authorWishart, J.
dc.contributor.authorYoung, R.
dc.contributor.authorBlackshaw, L.
dc.contributor.authorJones, K.
dc.contributor.authorHorowitz, M.
dc.contributor.authorRayner, C.
dc.date.issued2009
dc.descriptionCopyright © 2009 by the American Physiological Society
dc.description.abstractThe incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), play an important role in glucose homeostasis in both health and diabetes. In mice, sucralose, an artificial sweetener, stimulates GLP-1 release via sweet taste receptors on enteroendocrine cells. We studied blood glucose, plasma levels of insulin, GLP-1, and GIP, and gastric emptying (by a breath test) in 7 healthy humans after intragastric infusions of 1) 50 g sucrose in water to a total volume of 500 ml (approximately 290 mosmol/l), 2) 80 mg sucralose in 500 ml normal saline (approximately 300 mosmol/l, 0.4 mM sucralose), 3) 800 mg sucralose in 500 ml normal saline (approximately 300 mosmol/l, 4 mM sucralose), and 4) 500 ml normal saline (approximately 300 mosmol/l), all labeled with 150 mg 13C-acetate. Blood glucose increased only in response to sucrose (P<0.05). GLP-1, GIP, and insulin also increased after sucrose (P=0.0001) but not after either load of sucralose or saline. Gastric emptying of sucrose was slower than that of saline (t50: 87.4+/-4.1 min vs. 74.7+/-3.2 min, P<0.005), whereas there were no differences in t50 between sucralose 0.4 mM (73.7+/-3.1 min) or 4 mM (76.7+/-3.1 min) and saline. We conclude that sucralose, delivered by intragastric infusion, does not stimulate insulin, GLP-1, or GIP release or slow gastric emptying in healthy humans.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityJing Ma, Max Bellon, Judith M. Wishart, Richard Young, Ashley Blackshaw, Karen L. Jones, Michael Horowitz and Christopher K. Rayner
dc.identifier.citationAmerican Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 2009; 296(4):G735-G739
dc.identifier.doi10.1152/ajpgi.90708.2008
dc.identifier.issn0193-1857
dc.identifier.issn1522-1547
dc.identifier.orcidYoung, R. [0000-0001-5116-4951] [0009-0004-8274-9863]
dc.identifier.orcidBlackshaw, L. [0000-0003-1565-0850]
dc.identifier.orcidJones, K. [0000-0002-1155-5816]
dc.identifier.orcidHorowitz, M. [0000-0002-0942-0306]
dc.identifier.orcidRayner, C. [0000-0002-5527-256X]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/53444
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmer Physiological Soc
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.90708.2008
dc.subjectStomach
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectGastric Inhibitory Polypeptide
dc.subjectInsulin
dc.subjectBlood Glucose
dc.subjectSucrose
dc.subjectSweetening Agents
dc.subjectSingle-Blind Method
dc.subjectGastric Emptying
dc.subjectDose-Response Relationship, Drug
dc.subjectTime Factors
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectGlucagon-Like Peptide 1
dc.subjectIncretins
dc.subjectYoung Adult
dc.titleEffect of the artificial sweetener, sucralose, on gastric emptying and incretin hormone release in healthy subjects
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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