Evidence for enhancing childhood obesity treatment from a dual-process perspective: a systematic literature review
Date
2020
Authors
Kemps, E.
Goossens, L.
Petersen, J.
Verbeken, S.
Vervoort, L.
Braet, C.
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Journal article
Citation
Clinical Psychology Review, 2020; 77(101840):1-11
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Abstract
Impulsivity contributes to poor outcomes of existing childhood obesity treatments. Conceptualised within dual-process models, this self-regulation failure reflects the operation of strong automatic processing (heightened food responsivity) and/or weak regulatory processing (poor self-control). This systematic literature review examined the evidence for the self-regulation failure hypothesis from a dual-process models perspective to evaluate its potential for enhancing childhood obesity treatment. Searches were conducted from six databases. Eligibility criteria included: (1) recruited a child or adolescent sample; (2) measured or manipulated one or more automatic and/or regulatory processes (attentional bias, approach bias, working memory, inhibitory control, executive function); (3) used a cross-sectional, longitudinal or experimental design; and (4) included a primary outcome measure that was eating/weight related and/or pertained to the underlying process(es).
The search identified 147 eligible studies. Despite methodological variations and inconsistent findings across studies, evidence points to a stronger impact of automatic processes and in particular a reduced capacity for regulatory processing in youngsters with overweight/obesity. Emerging evidence suggests that these processes can be altered by targeted training to curtail food intake and associated weight gain. An intervention protocol based on the dual-process framework has the potential to enhance current childhood obesity treatments. Recommendations for future research are provided.
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Data source: Supplementary data, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101840
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Copyright 2020 Elsevier