Tailoring the morphology of g-C₃N₄ by self-assembly towards high photocatalytic performance
Date
2014
Authors
Liao, Y.
Zhu, S.
Ma, J.
Sun, Z.
Yin, C.
Zhu, C.
Lou, X.
Zhang, D.
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Journal article
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ChemCatChem, 2014; 6(12):3419-3425
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Abstract
We report a novel method for the preparation of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) with various morphologies through self-assembly and calcination, which starts from the raw materials melamine, urea, and cyanuric acid. The hollow to wormlike morphologies of g-C₃N₄ could be readily tailored by adjusting the molar ratio of melamine to urea; with increase in the molar ratio from 3:1 to 1:3, a morphology transformation was observed. The morphologies were tailored by self-assembly of the aggregates by hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions. Correspondingly, an increased BET surface area from 49.6 to 97.4 m(2)g(-1) was observed. If used as a photocatalyst in degrading rhodamine B (RhB) under visible-light irradiation, these g-C₃N₄ samples demonstrated 7 to 13 times higher performance than conventional bulk g-C₃N₄. The high performance was attributed to the unique morphology that provided not only high specific surface area but low recombination losses of photogenerated charges.
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Copyright 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim