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Induction of apoptosis by the medium-chain length fatty acid lauric acid in colon cancer cells due to induction of oxidative stress

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dc.contributor.authorFauser, J.
dc.contributor.authorMatthews, G.
dc.contributor.authorCummins, A.
dc.contributor.authorHowarth, G.
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstract<h4>Background</h4>Fatty acids are classified as short-chain (SCFA), medium-chain (MCFA) or long-chain and hold promise as adjunctive chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of colorectal cancer. The antineoplastic potential of MCFA remains underexplored; accordingly, we compared the MCFA lauric acid (C12:0) to the SCFA butyrate (C4:0) in terms of their capacity to induce apoptosis, modify glutathione (GSH) levels, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and modify phases of the cell cycle in Caco-2 and IEC-6 intestinal cell lines.<h4>Methods</h4>Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells were treated with lauric acid, butyrate, or vehicle controls. Apoptosis, ROS, and cell cycle analysis were determined by flow cytometry. GSH availability was assessed by enzymology.<h4>Results</h4>Lauric acid induced apoptosis in Caco-2 (p < 0.05) and IEC-6 cells (p < 0.05) compared to butyrate. In Caco-2 cells, lauric acid reduced GSH availability and generated ROS compared to butyrate (p < 0.05). Lauric acid reduced Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells in G0/G1and arrested cells in the S and G2/M phases. Lauric acid induced apoptosis in IEC-6 cells compared to butyrate (p < 0.05). Butyrate protected IEC-6 cells from ROS-induced damage, whereas lauric acid induced high levels of ROS compared to butyrate.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Compared to butyrate, lauric acid displayed preferential antineoplastic properties, including induction of apoptosis in a CRC cell line.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityJ.K. Fauser, G.M. Matthews, A.G. Cummins, G.S. Howarth
dc.identifier.citationChemotherapy: international journal of experimental and clinical chemotherapy, 2014; 59(3):214-224
dc.identifier.doi10.1159/000356067
dc.identifier.issn0009-3157
dc.identifier.issn1421-9794
dc.identifier.orcidCummins, A. [0000-0003-3115-9498]
dc.identifier.orcidHowarth, G. [0000-0001-6979-6084]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/82216
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherKarger
dc.rights© 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1159/000356067
dc.subjectMedium-chain fatty acid
dc.subjectShort-chain fatty acid
dc.subjectColorectal cancer
dc.subjectCaco-2
dc.subjectIEC-6
dc.subjectApoptosis
dc.subjectRedox
dc.subjectCell cycle
dc.subjectGlutathione
dc.subjectReactive oxygen species
dc.titleInduction of apoptosis by the medium-chain length fatty acid lauric acid in colon cancer cells due to induction of oxidative stress
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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