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The iimpact of regeneration and climate adaptations of urban green-blue assets on all-cause mortality: a 17-year longitudinal study

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dc.contributor.authorTieges, Z.
dc.contributor.authorMcGregor, D.
dc.contributor.authorGeorgiou, M.
dc.contributor.authorSmith, N.
dc.contributor.authorSaunders, J.
dc.contributor.authorMillar, R.
dc.contributor.authorMorison, G.
dc.contributor.authorChastin, S.
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionData source: Supplementary Materials, http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/12/4577/s1
dc.description.abstractUrban waterways are underutilised assets, which can provide benefits ranging from climate-change mitigation and adaptation (e.g., reducing flood risks) to promoting health and wellbeing in urban settings. Indeed, urban waterways provide green and blue spaces, which have increasingly been associated with health benefits. The present observational study used a unique 17-year longitudinal natural experiment of canal regeneration from complete closure and dereliction in North Glasgow in Scotland, U.K. to explore the impact of green and blue canal assets on all-cause mortality as a widely used indicator of general health and health inequalities. Official data on deaths and socioeconomic deprivation for small areas (data zones) for the period 2001–2017 were analysed. Distances between data zone population-weighted centroids to the canal were calculated to create three 500 m distance buffers. Spatiotemporal associations between proximity to the canal and mortality were estimated using linear mixed models, unadjusted and adjusted for small-area measures of deprivation. The results showed an overall decrease in mortality over time (β = −0.032, 95% confidence interval (CI) [−0.046, −0.017]) with a closing of the gap in mortality between less and more affluent areas. The annual rate of decrease in mortality rates was largest in the 0–500 m buffer zone closest to the canal (−3.12%, 95% CI [−4.50, −1.73]), with smaller decreases found in buffer zones further removed from the canal (500–1000 m: −3.01%, 95% CI [−6.52, 0.62]), and 1000–1500 m: −1.23%, 95% CI [−5.01, 2.71]). A similar pattern of results was found following adjustment for deprivation. The findings support the notion that regeneration of disused blue and green assets and climate adaptions can have a positive impact on health and health inequalities. Future studies are now needed using larger samples of individual-level data, including environmental, socioeconomic, and health variables to ascertain which specific elements of regeneration are the most effective in promoting health and health equity.
dc.identifier.citationInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020; 17(12, article no. 4577):1-12
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijerph17124577
dc.identifier.issn1661-7827
dc.identifier.issn1660-4601
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11541.2/37751
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI AG
dc.relation.fundingData Lab
dc.rightsCopyright 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution(CC BY) license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124577
dc.subjectblue space
dc.subjectepidemiology
dc.subjectexposure
dc.subjectGIS
dc.subjectgreen space
dc.subjecthealth
dc.subjectmortality
dc.subjectoutdoor
dc.titleThe iimpact of regeneration and climate adaptations of urban green-blue assets on all-cause mortality: a 17-year longitudinal study
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished
ror.fileinfo12282410140001831 13282410130001831 Open Access Published Version
ror.mmsid9916716818401831

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