Producing heavyweight high‐performance concrete by using black sand as newly shielding construction material
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2021
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Eltawil, K.A.
Mahdy, M.G.
Youssf, O.
Tahwia, A.M.
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Materials, 2021; 14(18):1-28
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Experimental work was carried out to study new fine aggregate shielding construction materials, namely black sand (BS). The BS effect on the mechanical, durability, and shielding characteristics of heavyweight high-performance concrete (HWHPC) was evaluated. This study aimed atimproving various HWHPC properties, concertedly. Fifteen mixtures of HWHPC were made, withvarious variables, including replacing 10% and 15% of the cement with fly ash (FA) and replacingnormal sand by BS at various contents (15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%, and 100%). The test specimenswere subjected to various exposure conditions, including elevated temperatures, which ranged from250 ◦C to 750 ◦C, for a duration of 3 h; magnesium sulfate (MS) exposure; and gamma-ray exposure. The effects of elevated temperature and sulfate resistance on concrete mass loss were examined. Theresults revealed that BS is a promising shielding construction material. The BS content is the mostimportant factor influencing concrete compressive strength. Mixes containing 15% BS demonstratedsignificantly better strength compared to the control mixes. Exposure to 250 ◦C led to a notableincrease in compressive strength. BS showed a significant effect on HWHPC fire resistance properties,especially at 750 ◦C and a significant linear attenuation coefficient. Using 10% FA with 15% BS wasthe most effective mixing proportion for improving all HWHPC properties concertedly, especially atgreater ages.s.
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Copyright 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)