How psychosocial safety climate (PSC) gets stronger over time: a first look at leadership and climate strength
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(Published version)
Date
2021
Authors
Loh, M.Y.
Dollard, M.F.
McLinton, S.S.
Tuckey, M.R.
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Journal article
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Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2021; 26(6):522-536
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Abstract
Psychosocial safety climate (PSC) reflects the priority an organization sets for the psychological health and safety of its employees, important to predict future job design and worker health. PSC is assessed by aggregating employee perceptions to determine PSC level (mean scores) and strength (converging perceptions). Theoretically, the ideal climate is when PSC is high and strong, yet we do not know how to build these fundamentals.
Since team leaders may transmit and shape PSC as set down by senior management, we explore their role (i.e., PSC and transformational leadership) in increasing and converging PSC perceptions in a team. We used three-wave longitudinal data (6-month lags) from 49 team leaders and 281 Australian health care workers nested in 49 teams. Multilevel analysis showed that team PSC levels increased over time.
Using the consensus emergence model, PSC strength was moderated by PSC leadership. Considering PSC starting levels, when low, high PSC leaders were associated with increasing PSC, but if starting levels were high, low PSC leaders were associated with decreasing PSC levels and strength while high PSC leaders were associated with sustaining PSC strength.
Transformational leaders had smaller effects than PSC leaders on PSC levels and no effect on strength. Mid-leaders’ values and actions for employee psychological health are important to build PSC level and sustain strength. In this, they can reinforce PSC certainty and its safety signal effect which is shown to be important for reducing psychological problems.
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Data source: Supplemental materials, https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000308.supp
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Copyright 2021 American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers. This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.
Access Condition Notes: Accepted manuscript available open access