Genetic heritage of the balto-slavic speaking populations: a synthesis of autosomal, mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal data
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(Published version)
Date
2015
Authors
Kushniarevich, A.
Utevska, O.
Chuhryaeva, M.
Agdzhoyan, A.
Dibirova, K.
Uktveryte, I.
Möls, M.
Mulahasanovic, L.
Pshenichnov, A.
Frolova, S.
Editors
Calafell, F.
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Journal article
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PLoS ONE, 2015; 10(9):e0135820-1-e0135820-19
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Alena Kushniarevich ... et al.
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Abstract
The Slavic branch of the Balto-Slavic sub-family of Indo-European languages underwent rapid divergence as a result of the spatial expansion of its speakers from Central-East Europe, in early medieval times. This expansion–mainly to East Europe and the northern Balkans–resulted in the incorporation of genetic components from numerous autochthonous populations into the Slavic gene pools. Here, we characterize genetic variation in all extant ethnic groups speaking Balto-Slavic languages by analyzing mitochondrial DNA (n = 6,876), Y-chromosomes (n = 6,079) and genome-wide SNP profiles (n = 296), within the context of other European populations. We also reassess the phylogeny of Slavic languages within the Balto-Slavic branch of Indo-European. We find that genetic distances among Balto-Slavic populations, based on autosomal and Y-chromosomal loci, show a high correlation (0.9) both with each other and with geography, but a slightly lower correlation (0.7) with mitochondrial DNA and linguistic affiliation. The data suggest that genetic diversity of the present-day Slavs was predominantly shaped in situ, and we detect two different substrata: ‘central-east European’ for West and East Slavs, and ‘south-east European’ for South Slavs. A pattern of distribution of segments identical by descent between groups of East-West and South Slavs suggests shared ancestry or a modest gene flow between those two groups, which might derive from the historic spread of Slavic people.
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Genographic Consortium contributor: Alan Cooper for the University of Adelaide.
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© 2015 Kushniarevich et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited