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How does sport affect mental health? An investigation into the relationship of leisure-time physical activity with depression and anxiety

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dc.contributor.authorSiefken, K.
dc.contributor.authorJunge, A.
dc.contributor.authorLaemmle, L.
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractPurpose. Physical activity (PA) can protect from developing mental disorders. Knowledge regarding optimal PA intensity, type, context, and amount for mental health is sparse. this study aims to determine the relationship between leisure-time PA and prevalence of depression and anxiety, and whether associations vary by PA amount, context, intensity, and type. Methods. Overall, 682 recreational athletes (age: M = 33.0 years; SD = 12.4; 53% female) completed a questionnaire on personal characteristics related to their leisure-time PA behaviour, the centre of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (cES-D), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. Effect sizes (cohen's d, 2 partial) and power analyses using G*Power were applied. Results. Individuals who met PA recommendations (n = 596) reported lower depression scores (M = 11.69; SD = 8.57) than those who did not meet the recommendations (n = 86; M = 12.88; SD = 8.73). Lowest depression and anxiety scores were observed for indoor team athletes (M = 10.75; SD = 7.66 and M = 2.94; SD = 3.03, respectively), followed by outdoor individual athletes (M = 11.17; SD = 9.41 and M = 3.39; SD = 3.50, respectively). Under specific conditions, high depression scores were noted for vigorous-intensity PA levels (M = 20.5; SD = 4.94). Conclusions. Meeting the WHO PA recommendations (moderate-intensity PA 150 min/week) reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, no linear dose-response relation was observed. No differences were found between in- and outdoor or team and individual sports but between sport disciplines. Prospective research to evaluate the reasons is needed.
dc.identifier.citationHuman Movement, 2019; 20(1):62-74
dc.identifier.doi10.5114/hm.2019.78539
dc.identifier.issn1732-3991
dc.identifier.issn1899-1955
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11541.2/137282
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherUniversity School of Physical Education in Wroclaw
dc.rightsCopyright 2019 University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw. This is an Open Access journal, all articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2019.78539
dc.subjectmental wellbeing
dc.subjectpsychological disorders
dc.subjectrecreational athletes
dc.subjectsport
dc.titleHow does sport affect mental health? An investigation into the relationship of leisure-time physical activity with depression and anxiety
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished
ror.fileinfo12174961930001831 13174971900001831 HM_Art_33840-10.pdf
ror.mmsid9916284783601831

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