Tailoring ionic liquids for post-combustion CO2 capture
Date
2012
Authors
Liu, H.
Huang, J.
Pendleton, P.
Editors
Attalla, M.I.
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Book chapter
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Source details - Title: Recent advances in post-combustion CO2 capture chemistry, 2012 / Attalla, M.I. (ed./s), vol.1097, Ch.8, pp.153-175
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Abstract
The anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industries and power plants have been accepted as a dominant contributor to the recent changes in the global climate. One of the technologies that have been recently developed to tackle CO2 emission is post-combustion capture. To meet the accelerated development in this technology, more effective absorbents are required to reduce energy consumption, capture cost, and equipment footprint in CO2 capture processes. Ionic liquids (ILs) are regarded as potential alternative absorbents, due to their intrinsic properties, such as low volatility, low corrosivity, thermal stability, tunability, and high CO2 affinity at elevated pressures. CO2 solubilities in traditional ILs are relatively low under ambient conditions compared with amine-based absorbents, leading to the development of ILs bearing functional moieties or polymeric groups with improved and larger capacities for CO2. These developments include amine groups, amino acid groups, superbases, aprotic heterocyclic anions as well as transition metal ions, promoting chemical interactions with CO2. IL entities have also been tailored with polymerisable groups to create polymerised-ILs which are less energy intensive and highly selective in CO2 capture processes. This chapter reviews the IL absorbents having different types of CO2-philic groups, and discusses their reaction mechanisms with CO2. Not all chemically modified ILs preserve the original advantageous properties of conventional ILs; some modified ILs become highly viscous while some become volatile, and some become moisture or air sensitive. Therefore, the benefits and drawbacks of using these IL absorbents for CO2 capture are also addressed.
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Copyright 2012 American Chemical Society