UV emission from lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles in super-resolution microscopy: potential for cellular damage

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dc.contributor.authorKarami, A.
dc.contributor.authorde Prinse, T.J.
dc.contributor.authorSpooner, N.A.
dc.contributor.authorKidd, S.P.
dc.contributor.authorSumby, C.J.
dc.contributor.authorBi, J.
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionPublished: April 13, 2023
dc.description.abstractUpconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) co-doped with lanthanide ions have recently attracted significant attention as fluorescent probes for super-resolution microscopy (SRM). This is due to the advantages of UCNPs over other fluorescence probes, such as fluorescent proteins, owing to their unique optical properties, limited photobleaching, and sharp emissions. However, the concurrent emission of ultraviolet (UV) wavelength radiation by UCNPs and the potential for cell photodamage, which may limit useful live-cell analysis, have been overlooked. Here, UCNPs synthesized with eight commonly used combinations of Yb/Tm and Yb/Tm/Gd dopants were excited by either pulsed- or continuous-wave (CW) lasers to evaluate their UV emission. The ratio of emitted UV-A and UV-B was measured relative to blue emission at 475 nm, which is traditionally used for imaging during SRM. We demonstrate that most UCNP samples emit UV light and that the dopant concentration has a key role in generating UV emissions. In addition, the use of pulsed or CW lasers for excitation can lead to a large variation in the amount of UV emitted. This work highlights the importance of considering upconversion dopant composition and concentration, as well as analyzing the emission of synthesized UCNPs before their use to prevent unwanted cell photodamage during live-cell imaging by SRM. Moreover, it established a need to improve the visible light emission of UCNPs with respect to UV emission for SRM applications.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityAfshin Karami, Thomas J. de Prinse, Nigel A. Spooner, Stephen P. Kidd, Christopher J. Sumby, and Jingxiu Bi
dc.identifier.citationACS Applied Nano Materials, 2023; 6(8):7031-7043
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/acsanm.3c00775
dc.identifier.issn2574-0970
dc.identifier.issn2574-0970
dc.identifier.orcidKarami, A. [0000-0002-8881-4468]
dc.identifier.orcidde Prinse, T.J. [0000-0002-4567-299X]
dc.identifier.orcidSpooner, N.A. [0000-0002-8534-3816]
dc.identifier.orcidKidd, S.P. [0000-0002-2118-1651]
dc.identifier.orcidSumby, C.J. [0000-0002-9713-9599]
dc.identifier.orcidBi, J. [0000-0001-7056-8572]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/139815
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Society
dc.rights© 2023 American Chemical Society
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.3c00775
dc.subjectsuper-resolution imaging; upconversion nanoparticle probes; stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy, live-cell imaging; ultraviolet (UV) light; cell photodamage
dc.titleUV emission from lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles in super-resolution microscopy: potential for cellular damage
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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