Serum alanine transaminase is predictive of fasting and postprandial insulin and glucagon concentrations in type 2 diabetes

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dc.contributor.authorHuang, W.
dc.contributor.authorXie, C.
dc.contributor.authorWewer Albrechtsen, N.J.
dc.contributor.authorSang, M.
dc.contributor.authorSun, Z.
dc.contributor.authorJones, K.L.
dc.contributor.authorHorowitz, M.
dc.contributor.authorRayner, C.K.
dc.contributor.authorWu, T.
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionAvailable online 4 September 2023
dc.description.abstractThe liver plays a key role in glucose homeostasis. Serum liver enzyme levels, including alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), are reportedly predictive of the risk of T2D. However, the link between the liver enzyme profile and metabolic derangements in T2D, particularly the secretion of both insulin and glucagon, is not clear. This study evaluated its relationships with glycemia, insulin and glucagon both during fasting and after an oral glucose load or a mixed meal in T2D. 15 healthy and 43 T2D subjects ingested a 75g glucose drink. 86 T2D subjects consumed a mixed meal. Venous blood was sampled for measurements of blood glucose and plasma insulin, C-peptide and glucagon. Blood glucose, plasma insulin, C-peptide and glucagon concentrations, both fasting and after oral glucose, correlated directly with ALT, while fewer and weaker correlations were observed with GGT or AST. Subgroup analysis in T2D subjects ascertained that plasma insulin, C-peptide and glucagon concentrations after oral glucose were higher with increasing ALT. Similar findings were observed in the T2D subjects who received a mixed meal. In conclusion, serum liver enzyme profile, particularly ALT, reflects dysregulated fasting and nutrient-stimulated plasma insulin and glucagon concentrations in T2D.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityWeikun Huang, Cong Xie, Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen, Miaomiao Sang, Zilin Sun, Karen L. Jones, Michael Horowitz, Christopher K. Rayner, Tongzhi Wu
dc.identifier.citationPeptides, 2023; 169:171092-1-171092-10
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171092
dc.identifier.issn0196-9781
dc.identifier.issn1873-5169
dc.identifier.orcidHuang, W. [0000-0001-9400-3840]
dc.identifier.orcidXie, C. [0000-0002-0054-9269]
dc.identifier.orcidJones, K.L. [0000-0002-1155-5816]
dc.identifier.orcidHorowitz, M. [0000-0002-0942-0306]
dc.identifier.orcidRayner, C.K. [0000-0002-5527-256X]
dc.identifier.orcidWu, T. [0000-0003-1656-9210]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/139440
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/10066835
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1147333
dc.rights© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171092
dc.subjectalanine transaminase
dc.subjectglucagon
dc.subjectinsulin
dc.subjecttype 2 diabetes
dc.titleSerum alanine transaminase is predictive of fasting and postprandial insulin and glucagon concentrations in type 2 diabetes
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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