It takes two for chronic wounds to heal: dispersing bacterial biofilm and modulating inflammation with dual action plasma coatings
Files
(Published version)
Date
2020
Authors
Michl, T.D.
Tran, D.T.T.
Kuckling, H.F.
Zhalgasbaikyzy, A.
Ivanovská, B.
González García, L.E.
Madathiparambil Visalakshan, R.
Vasilev, K.
Editors
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Type:
Journal article
Citation
RSC Advances, 2020; 10(13):7368-7376
Statement of Responsibility
Conference Name
Abstract
Chronic wounds are affecting increasingly larger portions of the general population and their treatment has essentially remained unchanged for the past century. This lack of progress is due to the complex problem that chronic wounds are simultaneously infected and inflamed. Both aspects need to be addressed together to achieve a better healing outcome. Hence, we hereby demonstrate that the stable nitroxide radical (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) can be plasma polymerized into smooth coatings (TEMPOpp), as seen via atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ellipsometry. Upon contact with water, these coatings leach nitroxides into aqueous supernatant, as measured via EPR. We then exploited the known cell-signalling qualities of TEMPO to change the cellular behaviour of bacteria and human cells that come into contact with the surfaces. Specifically, the TEMPOpp coatings not only suppressed biofilm formation of the opportunistic bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis but also dispersed already formed biofilm in a dose-dependent manner; a crucial aspect in treating chronic wounds that contain bacterial biofilm. Thus the coatings' microbiological efficacy correlated with their thickness and the thickest coating was the most efficient. Furthermore, this dose-dependent effect was mirrored in significant cytokine reduction of activated THP-1 macrophages for the four cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IP-10. At the same time, the THP-1 cells retained their ability to adhere and colonize the surfaces, as verified via SEM imaging. Thus, summarily, we have exploited the unique qualities of plasma polymerized TEMPO coatings in targeting both infection and inflammation simultaneously; demonstrating a novel alternative to how chronic wounds could be treated in the future.
School/Discipline
Dissertation Note
Provenance
Description
Data source: Supplementary files, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA09875E
Access Status
Rights
Copyright 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Open Access Article. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/)