Activation of visible up-conversion luminescence in transparent and conducting ZnO:Er:Yb films by laser annealing
Date
2015
Authors
Lluscá, M.
López Vidrier, J.
Lauzurica, S.
Sánchez Aniorte, M.I.
Antony, A.
Molpeceres, C.
Hernández, S.
Garrido, B.
Bertomeu, J.
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Journal article
Citation
Journal of Luminescence, 2015; 167:101-105
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Abstract
Transparent and conducting ZnO:Er:Yb thin films with visible up-conversion (660-nm emission under 980-nm excitation) were fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering. The as-deposited films were found to be transparent and conducting and the activation of the Er ions in these films to produce up-conversion luminescence was achieved by different post-deposition annealing treatments in air, vacuum or by laser annealing using a Nd:YVO 4 laser. The structural, electrical and optical properties and the up-conversion efficiency of these films were found to be strongly influenced by the annealing method, and a detailed study is reported in this paper.
It has been demonstrated that, although the air annealing was the most efficient in terms of up-conversion, laser annealing was the only method capable of activating Er ions while preserving the electrical conductivity of the doped films. It has been shown that a minimum energy was needed in laser annealing to optically activate the rare earth ions in the ZnO host material to produce up-conversion. Up-converting and transparent conducting ZnO:Er:Yb films with an electrical resistivity of 5×10 -2 Ω cm and transparency ~80% in the visible wavelength range has been achieved by laser annealing.
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Link to a related website: http://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/bitstream/2445/67331/1/652917.pdf, Open Access via Unpaywall
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Copyright 2015 Elsevier BV