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The microbiome of chronic rhinosinusitis: culture, molecular diagnostics and biofilm detection

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dc.contributor.authorBoase, S.
dc.contributor.authorForeman, A.
dc.contributor.authorCleland, E.
dc.contributor.authorTan, L.
dc.contributor.authorMelton-Kreft, R.
dc.contributor.authorPant, H.
dc.contributor.authorHu, F.
dc.contributor.authorEhrlich, G.
dc.contributor.authorWormald, P.
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractBackground: Bacteria and fungi are believed to influence mucosal inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However their presence and relationship to disease is debated. This study used multiple detection methods to compare microbial diversity and microbial abundance in healthy and diseased sinonasal mucosa. The utility of contemporary detection methods is also examined. Methods: Sinonasal mucosa was analyzed from 38 CRS and 6 controls. Bacterial and fungal analysis was performed using conventional culture, molecular diagnostics (polymerase chain reaction coupled with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry) and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: Microbes were detected in all samples, including controls, and were often polymicrobial. 33 different bacterial species were detected in CRS, 5 in control patients, with frequent recovery of anaerobes. Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes were the most common organisms in CRS and controls, respectively. Using a model organism, FISH had a sensitivity of 78%, and a specificity of 93%. Many species were detected in both CRS and controls however, microbial abundance was associated with disease manifestation. Conclusions: This study highlights some cornerstones of microbial variations in healthy and diseased paranasal sinuses. Whilst the healthy sinus is clearly not sterile, it appears prevalence and abundance of organisms is critical in determining disease. Evidence from high-sensitivity techniques, limits the role of fungi in CRS to a small group of patients. Comparison with molecular analysis suggests that the detection threshold of FISH and culture is related to organism abundance and, furthermore, culture tends to select for rapidly growing organisms.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilitySam Boase, Andrew Foreman, Edward Cleland, Lorwai Tan, Rachel Melton-Kreft, Harshita Pant, Fen Z Hu, Garth D Ehrlich and Peter-John Wormald
dc.identifier.citationBMC Infectious Diseases, 2013; 13(210):1-9
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/1471-2334-13-210
dc.identifier.issn1471-2334
dc.identifier.issn1471-2334
dc.identifier.orcidForeman, A. [0000-0002-6560-6391]
dc.identifier.orcidWormald, P. [0000-0001-7753-7277]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/78892
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltd
dc.rights© 2013 Boase et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-210
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectBacteria
dc.subjectBiofilms
dc.subjectFungi
dc.subjectSinusitis
dc.subjectRhinitis
dc.subjectChronic Disease
dc.subjectMicrobiological Techniques
dc.subjectBiodiversity
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectMiddle Aged
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectBacterial Physiological Phenomena
dc.subjectMetagenome
dc.subjectCoinfection
dc.titleThe microbiome of chronic rhinosinusitis: culture, molecular diagnostics and biofilm detection
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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