Dynamic axial control over optically levitating particles in air with an electrically-tunable variable-focus lens
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(Published version)
Date
2016
Authors
Zhu, W.
Eckerskorn, N.
Upadhya, A.
Li, L.
Rode, A.V.
Lee, W.M.
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Journal article
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Biomedical Optics Express, 2016; 7(7):2902-2911
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Wenguo Zhu, Niko Eckerskorn, Avinash Upadhya, Li Li, Andrei V. Rode, and Woei Ming Lee
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Abstract
Efficient delivery of viruses, proteins and biological macromelecules into a micrometer-sized focal spot of an XFEL beam for coherent diffraction imaging inspired new development in touch-free particle injection methods in gaseous and vacuum environments. This paper lays out our ongoing effort in constructing an all-optical particle delivery approach that uses piconewton photophoretic and femtonewton light-pressure forces to control particle delivery into the XFEL beam. We combine a spatial light modulator (SLM) and an electrically tunable lens (ETL) to construct a variable-divergence vortex beam providing dynamic and stable positioning of levitated micrometer-size particles, under normal atmospheric pressure. A sensorless wavefront correction approach is used to reduce optical aberrations to generate a high quality vortex beam for particle manipulation. As a proof of concept, stable manipulation of optically-controlled axial motion of trapped particles is demonstrated with a response time of 100ms. In addition, modulation of trapping intensity provides a measure of the mass of a single, isolated particle. The driving signal of this oscillatory motion can potentially be phase-locked to an external timing signal enabling synchronization of particle delivery into the x-ray focus with XFEL pulse train.
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©2016 Optical Society of America. Open Access (CC BY 4.0)