Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Infection in Australia: A Case-control Study.

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dc.contributor.authorYanni, M.
dc.contributor.authorStark, M.
dc.contributor.authorFrancis, L.
dc.contributor.authorFrancis, J.R.
dc.contributor.authorMcMillan, M.
dc.contributor.authorBaird, R.
dc.contributor.authorHeath, P.T.
dc.contributor.authorGordon, A.
dc.contributor.authorRiccardione, J.
dc.contributor.authorWilson, A.
dc.contributor.authorLee, R.
dc.contributor.authorChooi, K.
dc.contributor.authorQuinn, O.-P.
dc.contributor.authorMarshall, H.S.
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: To determine maternal and neonatal risk factors for, and incidence of, neonatal early-onset group B streptococcus (EOGBS) and late-onset (LOGBS) infection in South Australia (SA) and the Northern Territory (NT). METHODS: A case-control study with 2:1 matched controls to cases. The study included tertiary hospitals in South Australia and the Northern Territory, Australia. Retrospective data were collected from a 16-year epoch (2000-2015). RESULTS: Of a total of 188 clinically suspected or confirmed cases, 139 were confirmed, of which 56.1% (n = 78) were EOGBS and 43.9% (n = 61) were LOGBS. The incidence of clinically suspected and confirmed cases of EOGBS was 0.26/1000 live births in SA and 0.73/1000 live births in the NT, and the incidence of confirmed cases was 0.19/1000 for SA and 0.36/1000 for the NT. The incidence of clinically suspected or confirmed LOGBS was 0.18/1000 live births in SA and 0.16/1000 for the NT. The majority of infants with GBS presented with sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis. Developmental delay was the most commonly recorded long-term complication at 1 year old. Risk factors for EOGBS included maternal GBS carriage, previous fetal death, identifying as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander, and maternal fever in labor/chorioamnionitis. CONCLUSIONS: GBS remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Adding previous fetal death to GBS screening guidelines would improve GBS prevention. The introduction of maternal GBS vaccination programs should be guided by country-specific disease epidemiology.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityMarianne Yanni, Michael Stark, Laura Francis, Joshua R. Francis, Mark McMillan, Rob Baird, Paul T. Heath, Alex Gordon, James Riccardione, Angela Wilson, Rebecca Lee, Kathrina Chooi, Olivia-Paris Quinn, and Helen S. Marshall
dc.identifier.citationPediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2023; 42(5):429-435
dc.identifier.doi10.1097/INF.0000000000003881
dc.identifier.issn0891-3668
dc.identifier.issn1532-0987
dc.identifier.orcidStark, M. [0000-0001-5518-1580] [0000-0003-1835-8679]
dc.identifier.orcidMcMillan, M. [0000-0002-6490-7707]
dc.identifier.orcidMarshall, H.S. [0000-0003-2521-5166]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/138586
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherLippincott, Williams & Wilkins
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1155066
dc.rightsCopyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1097/inf.0000000000003881
dc.subjectgroup B streptococcal infection; group B streptococcus; fetal death; intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis
dc.subject.meshHumans
dc.subject.meshStreptococcus agalactiae
dc.subject.meshStreptococcal Infections
dc.subject.meshPregnancy Complications, Infectious
dc.subject.meshFetal Death
dc.subject.meshAntibiotic Prophylaxis
dc.subject.meshIncidence
dc.subject.meshCase-Control Studies
dc.subject.meshRetrospective Studies
dc.subject.meshPregnancy
dc.subject.meshInfant
dc.subject.meshInfant, Newborn
dc.subject.meshNorthern Territory
dc.subject.meshFemale
dc.subject.meshInfectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
dc.titleNeonatal Group B Streptococcal Infection in Australia: A Case-control Study.
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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