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Neutron scanning reveals unexpected complexity in the enamel thickness of an herbivorous Jurassic reptile

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dc.contributor.authorJones, M.
dc.contributor.authorLucas, P.
dc.contributor.authorTucker, A.
dc.contributor.authorWatson, A.
dc.contributor.authorSertich, J.
dc.contributor.authorFoster, J.
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, R.
dc.contributor.authorGarbe, U.
dc.contributor.authorBevitt, J.
dc.contributor.authorSalvemini, F.
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractEilenodontines are one of the oldest radiation of herbivorous lepidosaurs (snakes, lizards and tuatara) characterized by batteries of wide teeth with thick enamel that bear mammal-like wear facets. Unlike most reptiles, eilenodontines have limited tooth replacement, making dental longevity particularly important to them. We use both X-ray and neutron computed tomography to examine a fossil tooth from the eilenodontine Eilenodon (Late Jurassic, USA). Of the two approaches, neutron tomography was more successful and facilitated measurements of enamel thickness and distribution. We find the enamel thickness to be regionally variable, thin near the cusp tip (0.10 mm) but thicker around the base (0.15–0.30 mm) and notably greater than that of other rhynchocephalians such as the extant Sphenodon (0.08–0.14 mm). The thick enamel in Eilenodon would permit greater loading, extend tooth lifespan and facilitate the establishment of wear facets that have sharp edges for orally processing plant material such as horsetails (Equisetum). The shape of the enamel dentine junction indicates that tooth development in Eilenodon and Sphenodon involved similar folding of the epithelium but different ameloblast activity.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityMarc E. H. Jones, Peter W. Lucas, Abigail S. Tucker, Amy P. Watson, Joseph J. W. Sertich, John R. Foster, Ruth Williams, Ulf Garbe, Joseph J. Bevitt and Floriana Salvemini
dc.identifier.citationJournal of the Royal Society Interface, 2018; 15(143):20180039-1-20180039-11
dc.identifier.doi10.1098/rsif.2018.0039
dc.identifier.issn1742-5689
dc.identifier.issn1742-5662
dc.identifier.orcidJones, M. [0000-0002-0146-9623]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/112953
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherThe Royal Society
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DE130101567
dc.rights© 2018 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0039
dc.subjecttooth
dc.subjectenamel
dc.subjectdentine
dc.subjectneutron CT
dc.subjectX-ray CT
dc.titleNeutron scanning reveals unexpected complexity in the enamel thickness of an herbivorous Jurassic reptile
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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