Heritage-specific oral microbiota in Indigenous Australian dental calculus

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dc.contributor.authorHandsley-Davis, M.
dc.contributor.authorKapellas, K.
dc.contributor.authorJamieson, L.M.
dc.contributor.authorHedges, J.
dc.contributor.authorSkelly, E.
dc.contributor.authorKaidonis, J.
dc.contributor.authorAnastassiadis, P.
dc.contributor.authorWeyrich, L.S.
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractBackground and objectives: Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders (hereafter respectfully referred to as Indigenous Australians) experience a high burden of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Increased NCD risk is linked to oral diseases mediated by the oral microbiota, a microbial community influenced by both vertical transmission and lifestyle factors. As an initial step towards understanding the oral microbiota as a factor in Indigenous health, we present the first investigation of oral microbiota in Indigenous Australian adults. Methodology: Dental calculus samples from Indigenous Australians with periodontal disease (PD; n = 13) and non-Indigenous individuals both with (n = 19) and without PD (n = 20) were characterized using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. Alpha and beta diversity, differentially abundant microbial taxa and taxa unique to different participant groups were analysed using QIIME2. Results: Samples from Indigenous Australians were more phylogenetically diverse (Kruskal-Wallis H = 19.86, P = 8.3 × 10−⁶), differed significantly in composition from non-Indigenous samples (PERMANOVA pseudo-F = 10.42, P = 0.001) and contained a relatively high proportion of unique taxa not previously reported in the human oral microbiota (e.g. Endomicrobia). These patterns were robust to stratification by PD status. Oral microbiota diversity and composition also differed between Indigenous individuals living in different geographic regions. Conclusions and implications: Indigenous Australians may harbour unique oral microbiota shaped by their long relationships with Country (ancestral homelands). Our findings have implications for understanding the origins of oral and systemic NCDs and for the inclusion of Indigenous peoples in microbiota research, highlighting the microbiota as a novel field of enquiry to improve Indigenous health.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityMatilda Handsley-Davis, Kostas Kapellas, Lisa M. Jamieson, Joanne Hedges, Emily Skelly, John Kaidonis, Poppy Anastassiadis, and Laura S. Weyrich
dc.identifier.citationEvolution, Medicine and Public Health, 2022; 10(1):352-362
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/emph/eoac024
dc.identifier.issn2050-6201
dc.identifier.issn2050-6201
dc.identifier.orcidHandsley-Davis, M. [0000-0001-9088-5268]
dc.identifier.orcidKapellas, K. [0000-0002-3761-9953]
dc.identifier.orcidJamieson, L.M. [0000-0001-9839-9280]
dc.identifier.orcidHedges, J. [0000-0002-2413-5992]
dc.identifier.orcidKaidonis, J. [0000-0003-0415-5272]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/136525
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherOxford University Press on behalf of the Foundation for Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT180100407
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/627100
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1113098
dc.rights© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Foundation for Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1093/emph/eoac024
dc.subjectAboriginal Australian
dc.subjectevolutionary medicine
dc.subjectIndigenous Australian
dc.subjectmicrobiome
dc.subjectmicrobiota
dc.subjectoral health
dc.titleHeritage-specific oral microbiota in Indigenous Australian dental calculus
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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