The satiating effect of dietary protein is unrelated to postprandial ghrelin secretion

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dc.contributor.authorMoran, L.
dc.contributor.authorLuscombe-Marsh, N.
dc.contributor.authorNoakes, M.
dc.contributor.authorWittert, G.
dc.contributor.authorKeough, J.
dc.contributor.authorClifton, P.
dc.date.issued2005
dc.descriptionCopyright © 2005 by The Endocrine Society
dc.description.abstract<h4>Context</h4>Increasing dietary protein relative to carbohydrate and fat enhances weight loss, at least in part by increasing satiety. The mechanism for this is unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective of this study was to compare the effects of isocaloric test meals with differing protein to fat ratios on fasting and postprandial ghrelin, insulin, glucose, appetite, and energy expenditure before and after weight loss on the respective dietary patterns.<h4>Design</h4>The study design was a randomized parallel design of 12 wk of weight loss (6 MJ/d) and 4 wk of weight maintenance (7.3 MJ/d) with meals administered at wk 0 and 16.<h4>Setting</h4>The study was performed at an out-patient research clinic.<h4>Patients and other participants</h4>Fifty-seven overweight (body mass index, 33.8 +/- 3.5 kg/m2) hyperinsulinemic men (n = 25) and women (n = 32) were studied.<h4>Interventions</h4>High-protein/low-fat (34% protein/29% fat) or standard protein/high-fat (18% protein/45% fat) diets/meals were given.<h4>Main outcome measures</h4>The main outcome measures were weight loss and fasting and postprandial ghrelin, insulin, glucose, appetite, and energy expenditure before and after weight loss.<h4>Results</h4>Weight loss (9.2 +/- 0.7 kg) and improvements in fasting and postprandial insulin and glucose occurred independently of diet composition. At wk 0 and 16, subjects wanted less to eat after the high-protein/low-fat than the standard protein/high-fat meal (P = 0.02). Fasting ghrelin increased (157.5 +/- 3.4 pg/ml or 46.6 +/- 1.0 pmol/liter; P < 0.001), and the postprandial ghrelin response improved with weight loss (P = 0.043) independently of diet composition. Postprandial hunger decreased with weight loss (P = 0.018) and was predicted by changes in fasting and postprandial ghrelin (r2 = 0.246; P = 0.004). Lean mass was the best predictor of fasting (r2 = 0.182; P = 0.003) and postprandial ghrelin (r2 = 0.096; P = 0.039) levels.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Exchanging protein for fat produced similar weight loss and improvements in metabolic parameters and ghrelin homeostasis. The reduced appetite observed with increased dietary protein appears not to be mediated by ghrelin homeostasis.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityLisa J. Moran, Natalie D. Luscombe-Marsh, Manny Noakes, Gary A. Wittert, Jennifer B. Keogh and Peter M. Clifton
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (JCEM), 2005; 90(9):5205-5211
dc.identifier.doi10.1210/jc.2005-0701
dc.identifier.issn0021-972X
dc.identifier.issn1945-7197
dc.identifier.orcidMoran, L. [0000-0001-5772-6484]
dc.identifier.orcidLuscombe-Marsh, N. [0000-0001-9690-4722]
dc.identifier.orcidWittert, G. [0000-0001-6818-6065]
dc.identifier.orcidClifton, P. [0000-0002-6411-626X]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/17268
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherEndocrine Society
dc.source.urihttp://jcem.endojournals.org.proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi/content/abstract/90/9/5205
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectHyperinsulinism
dc.subjectObesity
dc.subjectBody Weight
dc.subjectInsulin
dc.subjectPeptide Hormones
dc.subjectBlood Glucose
dc.subjectDietary Proteins
dc.subjectPain Measurement
dc.subjectFasting
dc.subjectRegression Analysis
dc.subjectSatiation
dc.subjectBody Composition
dc.subjectEnergy Metabolism
dc.subjectPostprandial Period
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectMiddle Aged
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectGhrelin
dc.titleThe satiating effect of dietary protein is unrelated to postprandial ghrelin secretion
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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