Global Food Studies publications

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Browsing Global Food Studies publications by Author "Adamson, D.C."

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    An economic analysis of a contingency model utilising vaccination for the control of equine influenza in a non-endemic country
    (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2019) Rosanowski, S.; Carpenter, T.; Adamson, D.C.; Rogers, C.; Pearce, P.; Burns, M.; Cogger, N.; Giangaspero, M.
    Background: Equine influenza (EI) is an infectious respiratory disease of horses that has never been reported in New Zealand (NZ). However, the 2007 EI outbreak in Australia, previously EI free, spurred the NZ government and stakeholders into evaluating alternative EI control strategies in order to economically justify any future decision to eradicate or manage EI. To build on the policy debate, this paper presents an epinomic (epidemiologic and economic) modelling approach to evaluate alternative control strategies. An epidemiologic model to determine how alternative EI control strategies influence the distribution of EI. Model results were then input into a cost-benefit analysis framework, to identify the return and feasibility of alternative EI eradication strategies in NZ. Methods: The article explores nine alternative eradication scenarios and two baseline strategies. The alternative scenarios consisted of three vaccination strategies (suppressive, protective or targeted) starting at three time points to reflect the commercial breeding-cycle. These alternatives were compared to two breeding-cycle adjusted baselines: movement restriction in the breeding season (August to January) or non-breeding season (February to July). The economic loss parameters were incursion response, impact to the commercial racing industry (breeding, sales and racing), horse morbidity and mortality, and compensation to industry participants. Results and conclusions: Results suggest that the economic viability of the EI eradication programme is dependent on when within the breeding-cycle the EI outbreak occurs. If an outbreak were to occur, the return on each dollar invested for protective or suppressive vaccination strategies would be between NZD$3.67 to NZD$4.89 and between NZD$3.08 to NZD$3.50 in the breeding and non-breeding seasons, respectively. Therefore, protective or suppressive vaccination strategies could be prioritised, regardless of season. As multiple industry stakeholders benefit from these strategies, the study will enable policy development and to better formulate a user-pays eradication programme.
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    Integrating the technical, risk management and economic implications of animal disease control to advise policy change: the example of foot-and-mouth disease control in Uruguay
    (Springer (part of Springer Nature), 2020) Perry, B.; Rich, K.M.; Rojas, H.; Romero, J.; Adamson, D.C.; Bervejillo,, J.E.; Fernandez, F.; Pereira, A.; Pérez, L.; Reich, F.; Sarno, R.; Vitale, E.; Stanham, F.; Rushton, J.
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    Pandora’s Box and the level playing field: food safety and regulations
    (Australian Farm Institute, 2016) Adamson, D.C.
    Australia is internationally regarded as providing a source of safe food. Australian trade policy has long chased the ideal of the level playing field, to allow our natural comparative advantage in food production to be fully realised. A central component of the Doha Round of trade talks was to tackle agricultural subsidies and protectionism, but these talks have not reached consensus since starting in 2001. To negate this stagnation, countries including Australia have engaged in a series of side agreements. However, these deals extend well beyond the notion of providing additional market access for agricultural producers, as they are designed to increase economic integration between the signatories. To encourage integration, these treaties are examining ways of harmonising the rules of business within the signatories. If Australian regulations are different, and we are known as providing a source of safe food, is there any risk associated with adopting new regulations? This article provides a discussion on the role of regulations in Australia, and explores the possible consequences for Australian food exporters from adopting new and more relaxed regulations.
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    The live sheep export supply chain: when operational and societal complexities collide
    (Inderscience Publishers, 2018) Jackson, L.; Adamson, D.C.
    This paper takes a supply chain perspective on the business systems involved in the trade of live sheep from Australia to the Middle East. Live export supply chains are complex as they must encompass efficiency, maintenance of quality and adhere to international animal welfare protocols. This paper explores the consequences resulting from business systems failure, based on a case study from 2012 when protocols in the international trade of live sheep were compromised. Key themes to emerge from the case study relate to supply chain control and resilience, the moral obligations of governments to manage societal exposure to unsafe food and the management of unscrupulous operators in the food supply chain. The originality of this work lies in its consideration of live cargo and the challenges of unforeseen circumstances in managing the physical distribution of live animals transported by sea.
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    The pros and cons of animal health harmonisation
    (Office International des Epizooties (OIE), 2020) Adamson, D.C.; Gilbert, W.; Rothman-Ostrow, P.; Rushton, J.
    It has been argued that the global harmonisation of animal health procedures, regulations and responses will improve animal health and provide economic benefits. Harmonisation of regulations can be driven by trade reform, such as multilateral or bilateral agreements, or as a response to private quality assurance programmes. At an international level, trade reform is currently focused on reducing the costs of trading between countries. To achieve this, bilateral agreements, where possible, are harmonising regulations throughout all sectors of the economy. However, as with any new developments, there are both positive and negative outcomes that should be explored to understand the net effect of these changes on animal health, the economy and society. In this article, the authors debate the economic foundations of harmonisation, explore alternative methods to achieve it, and discuss its pros and cons to more fully understand the opportunity costs from countries adopting the same level of risk to animal health.