Global Food Studies publications
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Item Metadata only Facilitating IPM: the role of participatory workshops(Taylor & Francis, 1999) Norton, G.; Adamson, D.; Aitken, L.; Bilston, L.; Foster, J.; Frank, B.; Harper, J.Successful, long-term implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) requires the integration of key technical and management activities and the participation of a wide range of stakeholders including farmers, researchers, extension officers, crop consultants, government agencies, and industry. A key issue that needs urgent attention is how to achieve the high quality interaction between these different groups which is necessary for sustained IPM. Problem specification and planning workshops (PSPWs) provide one means of facilitating an integrated strategy for tackling complex pest management issues. Since 1992, the Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Pest Management has facilitated over 20 PSPWs, focusing on different farming systems in Australia. This paper describes the philosophy, the process involved, and the impact that these PSPWs have had. It examines three specific cases to describe the relationship between plans and results and ways of improving impact. The results reinforce the major role that social scientists can play in providingmechanisms for collaborating with technical researchers and other partners to facilitate effective, participatory ventures in IPM.Item Metadata only What do agricultural professionals think about organic agriculture and biotechnology?(International Society of Organic Agriculture Research, 2005) Wheeler, S.; 1st Scientific Conference of the International Society of Organic Agriculture Research (21 Sep 2005 - 23 Sep 2005 : Adelaide, South Australia); Köpke, U.; Niggli, U.; Neuhoff, D.; Cornish, P.; Lockeretz, W.; Willer, H.Item Metadata only Agricultural professionals’ views of biotechnology: why do they differ?(Victoria Management School, Victoria University of Wellington, 2005) Wheeler, S.; Talking Biotechnology: Reflecting on Science and Society Conference (2005 : Wellington, New Zealand); Davenport, S.; Doolin, B.; Leitch, S.; Motion, J.; Daellenbach, U.; Lum, S.Item Open Access Postharvest loss in the supply chain for vegetables – The case of chili and tomato in Viet Nam(AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, 2006) Genova, C.; Weinberger, K.; An, H.; Dam, D.; Loc, N.; Thinh, L.; Thuy, N.Item Open Access Postharvest loss in the supply chain for vegetables - The case of tomato, yardlong bean, cucumber and chili in Lao PDR(AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, 2006) Genova, C.; Weinberger, K.; Chanthasombath, T.; Inthalungdsee, B.; Sanatem, K.; Somsak, K.Item Open Access Postharvest loss in the supply chain for vegetables - The case of tomato, yardlong bean, cucumber and Chinese kale in Cambodia(AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, 2006) Genova, C.; Weinberger, K.; Sokhom, S.; Vanndy, M.; Yarith, E.Item Metadata only Understanding postharvest losses in vegetables using an upstream supply chain approach in South East Asia(Cuvillier Verlag Gottingen, 2007) Genova, C.; Weinberger, K.; Acedo, A.; International Research on Food Security, Natural Resource Management and Rural Development, Tropentag 2007 (9 Oct 2007 - 11 Oct 2007 : Göttingen, Germany); Tielkes, E.Item Open Access Exploring professional attitudes towards organic farming, genetic engineering, agriculture sustainability and research issues in Australia(Journal of Organic Systems, 2008) Wheeler, S.A.This paper reports the quantitative and qualitative answers of two groups of public agricultural professionals (a general sample and a targeted sample with some knowledge of organic farming) to issues relating to organic agriculture, genetic engineering, sustainability and associated research issues in Australia. It also analyses what influences these professionals’ views on the sustainability of conventional agriculture in Australia and other agricultural research issues. Professional views towards organic farming and genetic engineering are explored and analysed for their realism. The advent of genetic engineering has been accompanied by growing concern among many of these professionals about safety, public and private research issues, including intellectual property rights, patenting and private funding of public research.Item Metadata only The influence of market and agricultural policy signals on the level of organic farming(Icfai University Press, 2008) Wheeler, S.A.; Ghosh, S.Item Metadata only Quantifying postharvest loss in vegetables along the supply chain in Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos(InderScience Publishers, 2008) Weinberger, K.; Genova, C.G.; Acedo, A.This study provides an overview of the postharvest loss situation of selected vegetable crops as perceived by the various supply chain actors in Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. It investigates the volume and value of vegetable losses upstream along the supply chain, and identifies the main reasons and the preventive measures undertaken at each stage in the supply chain to abate postharvest losses. Loss estimates are compared by supply chain actor, country and crop. This study finds that the average loss of the selected vegetables is about 17%, and that farmers are the most vulnerable group compared to middlemen and retailers who both have more control on product prices. It recommends developing measures to contain disease problems for farmers, and improving marketing efficiency through standardisation of product quality for middlemen and retailers.Item Metadata only The South Asian Free Trade Agreement: which way forward?(SAGE Publications, 2008) Weerakoon, D.; Thennakoon, J.The South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA), due to have been implemented starting July 2006, has adopted a negative list approach permitting member countries to potentially exclude a substantial share of intraregional trade from the tariff liberalisation process. This study finds that the excluded trade amounts to nearly 53 per cent of current import trade amongst South Asian countries, bringing into question the future prospects for meaningful economic cooperation under a regional framework. At the very least, if the SAFTA treaty had built on the existing bilateral FTAs in the region, it would eventually have come to supersede such agreements. Unfortunately, the regional initiative has lagged well behind the bilateral process, and is likely to be overtaken by alternative strategic trade policy initiatives cropping up in the region. It seems likely that attempts at economic integration of the South Asian region under the SAARC framework is liable to fragment.Item Metadata only Quarantine and food safety issues in a TPPA(Bridget Williams Books, 2010) Adamson, D.; Kelsey, J.Item Metadata only An assessment of market opportunities for leafy vegetables in the upland areas of Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam: final report on output 1 of the project: RETA 6376 "Supporting pro-poor vegetable value chains in Greater Mekong Subregion countries”(AVRDC - The World Vegetable Centre, 2010) Genova, C.; Weinberger, K.; Acedo, A.Item Open Access Market analysis of fresh vegetables in Solomon Islands(AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, 2010) Genova, C.; Kriesemer, S.; Neave, S.; Wang, J.; Weinberger, K.Item Metadata only Towards more sustainable irrigation: factors influencing allocation and entitlement prices and demand in the Goulburn Murray Irrigation District of Australia(WIT Press, 2010) Shanahan, M.P.; Wheeler, S.; Bjornlund, H.; Bjornlund, H.Item Metadata only Water trade alternatives in the face of climate change(Sage Publications, 2010) Loch, A.; Bjornlund, H.; Kuehne, G.; Froome, C.PURPOSE – Prolonged drought and climate change uncertainty have created an urgent need to re-distribute water away from irrigators and back to environmental flows. Previous approaches to achieve this objective have had mixed results. The current approach focuses on purchasing water from irrigators to bolster river flows for ecosystem health. However, governments are purchasing entitlements, not allocations, which do not provide large amounts of water for the money that is spent. This paper aims to review the policies and events that have driven this process. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH – Following a the review of the policies and events, the paper identifies how the regulatory/market-based approaches have resulted in a status quo or path dependent situation, to the detriment of achieving sustainable water use. FINDINGS – Previous approaches have so far simply maintained path dependency, i.e. the consumptive pool at more or less existing levels. Government intervention to purchase entitlements from irrigators for the environment through water markets is meant to break the status quo, but questions whether this can be achieved from a solitary focus on entitlement recovery. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS – It is suggested that both historical approaches offer less reform value, and that appropriate market intervention is warranted. However, entitlement water purchasing alone may limit provision of wet water to key environmental sites during critical periods and perpetuate a continuation of the path dependency arrangements. ORIGINALITY/VALUE – A suggested expansion of the water-purchasing programme that utilises allocation based products to meet adaptive environmental flow strategies is provided. Such an approach may offer a more suitable framework for dealing with the uncertain outcomes of climate change and ecosystem needs.Item Metadata only Briefing: drought and structural adjustment in Australia(ICE Publishing, 2010) McColl, J.C.; Young, M.D.This briefing paper reviews Australian policy experience in managing drought and structural adjustment policies. It finds that government assistance can often do more harm than good at the individual, regional and national level. Challenging conventional wisdom, the paper concludes that the emphasis should be on mechanisms that encourage autonomous adjustment and avoid masking information that signals the extent of the need to change and the need to plan for droughts. Business assistance should be avoided. When assistance is offered, it should be delivered as welfare assistance and encourage those willing to exit the agricultural sector to do so.Item Metadata only Endogenous matching and contractual choice among rice farmers in Bangladesh(Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, 2011) Ahmed, S.; Findlay, C.This paper examines the presence of potential bias arising from multiple sources of endogenous matching among the landlords, tenants and activities while choosing between crop sharing contract and fixed rent contract in the agricultural farming system. The study addresses this endogenous matching problem using data from rice farmers in rural Bangladesh. Although risk sharing explanation is found consistent with naïve estimation after controlling for possible sources of matching, it is found not to have significant influence on choosing a particular tenancy contract.Item Metadata only Technical efficiency of resource-conserving technologies in rice -wheat systems: the case of Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh in India(Diva Enterprises, 2011) Khong, T.; Sumalde, Z.; Pede, V.; McKinley, J.; Garcia, Y.; Bello, A.This study has evaluated the technical efficiency of farmers engaged in rice-wheat cropping systems in North-eastern India, who are using Resource-Conserving Technologies (RCTs) such as Zero Tillage (ZT) and Direct Seeded Rice (DSR). These technology promotions are being carried out under the intervention of the Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) project, primarily funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The resource-conserving technologies are being promoted as part of conservation agriculture supported by the project. The data used in this study have been derived from the socioeconomic surveys conducted in Eastern Uttar-Pradesh and Bihar in North-eastern India during the kharif season of 2009 and rabi season of 2010. A stochastic frontier analysis was carried out to investigate and compare the determinants of technical efficiency among the farmers receiving intervention and those who are not. The study has revealed that farmers receiving CSISA intervention have realized higher levels of technical efficiency. Additionally, farmers who are receiving subsidies and farmers who are planting more diversified crops have higher levels of technical efficiency.Item Open Access Technical efficiency of resource conserving technologies in rice wheat system: case of Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh in India(AES, 2011) Khong, T.; Pede, V.; Sumalde, Z.; McKinley, J.; Mohanty, S.; Agricultural & Applied Economics Association’s AAEA & NAREA Joint Annual Meeting (24 Jul 2011 - 26 Jul 2011 : Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania)This study aimed to evaluate the technical efficiency of farmers engaged in rice-wheat cropping systems in India using Resource Conserving Technologies (RCTs) such as zero-tillage and direct seeding, under the intervention of the Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) project primarily funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The goal of the project is to alleviate hunger and malnutrition as well as increase income and food security for poor farmers living in South Asia. The Resource Conserving Technologies (RCTs) are being promoted as part of conservation agriculture supported by the project. These technologies are designed to reduce the strain agricultural production has on two critical natural resources: water and soil. The RCT technologies are being promoted by the CSISA project in several locations in India, and the main ones are direct seeded rice, reduced-tillage, and zero-tillage. The farmers participating in the study are part of the CSISA project and are located in Eastern Uttar-Pradesh and Bihar in Northeastern India. The data used in this study was derived from a socio-economic survey conducted in these two regions during the Kharif season of 2009 and Rabi season of 2010. A Stochastic frontier Analysis, using the Cobb-Douglas or Translog function form, was performed to investigate and compare the determinants of technical efficiency among farmers receiving intervention and those who are not. Farmers receiving intervention from the CSISA project tend to be more technically efficient than those without intervention.