Pathology publications
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Item Metadata only Variability in the clinical presentation and endoscopic findings of herpetic esophagitis(Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 1987) Byard, R.W.; Champion, M.C.; Orizaga, M.Three cases of herpetic esophagitis are reported in which the endoscopic features were non-specific and the triad of odynophagia, retrosternal pain and fever was absent, suggesting that the endoscopic and clinical presentation may be more variable than previously described.Item Metadata only Autoerotic death - characteristic features and diagnostic difficulties(Elsevier BV, 1994) Byard, R.Autoerotic death refers to the accidental death of individuals of either sex due to failure of devices, or unexpected effect of materials, that were being used to enhance the sexual experience. Although asphyxia from hanging has been described most frequently, a wide variety of other lethal situations have been reported. As there is great variability in the number and types of sexual aids that may be used by individuals, careful death scene examination is essential in helping to exclude suicide and more rarely homicide. The clandestine nature of this paraphilia may, however, make subsequent identification and diagnosis difficult unless the death scene features are typical. This is particularly so in the rare cases involving women. In the following paper the typical features of this disorder are reviewed with a description of less obvious cases and possible diagnostic pitfalls.Item Metadata only First human culture-proven Australian case of entomophthoromycosis caused by Basidiobolus ranarum(Carfax, 1994) Davis, S.R.; Ellis, D.H.; Goldwater, P.; Dimitriou, S.; Byard, R.The first human case of entomophthoromycosis caused by Basidiobolus ranarum in Australia is described. Upon first presentation this rare disease was not recognized, but microscopy of biopsy sections and identification of the fungal isolate allowed this condition to be identified. Treatment with fluconazole was successful.Item Metadata only Unusual presentation of death due to carbon monoxide poisoning(Masson Publishing USA, Inc, 1995) Ruszkiewicz, A.; De Boer, B.; Robertson, S.Item Metadata only Sudden and unexpected death in infancy and early childhood - Diagnostic possibilities(The Law Book Company, 1995) Byard, R.Item Metadata only Paediatric neoplasia(1995) Byard, R.Item Metadata only Undiagnosed ponto medullary astocytoma: A history of speech pathology systems(Institute for Research on Teaching, Michigan State University, 1995) Warms, T.; Ruszkiewicz, A.; Opeskin, K.Item Metadata only Axonal injury by captive bolt impact in the sheep(Taylor & Francis, 1995) Lewis, S.; Blumbergs, P.; Reilly, P.; Scott, G.; Manavis, J.; Brown, C.; Finnie, J.; Jones, N.Item Metadata only Immunoperoxidase of mesothelioma(Appleton & Lange, 1995) Leong, Anthony Siew Yin; Vernon-Roberts, E.Item Metadata only Fractal properties of iliac crest bone in vertebral crush fracture(Elsevier Science Inc., 1995) Fazzalari, N.; Parkinson, I.Item Metadata only Morphometric analysis of the bone growth plate in sudden infant death syndrome(Sydney University Press, 1995) Byard, R.; Fazzalari, N.; Moore, A.; Byers, S.Item Metadata only Privatisation of teaching hospital pathology services still a possibility(Australian Medical Association (S.A. Branch), 1995) Vernon-Roberts, B.Item Metadata only Is cosleeping in infancy a desirable or dangerous practice? Author's reply(Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1995) Byard, R.Item Metadata only Quantitative morphometric analysis of trabecular bone architecture in feline mucopolysaccharidosis VI(Blackwell Scientific, 1995) Clarke, J.; Byers, S.; Moore, A.; Fazzalari, N.; Hopwood, J.Item Metadata only Coronary artery thromboembolism and unexpected death in childhood and adolescence(Callaghan and Co., 1995) Stahl, J.; Santos, L.; Byard, R.Item Metadata only Sudden natural death in childhood(1995) Byard, R.Item Metadata only Laboratory diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection(Academic Press, 1995) Harris, R.; Williamson, J.; Hann, C.; Marmion, B.Item Metadata only Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy(Masson Publishing USA, Inc, 1995) Vernon-Roberts, E.; Ruszkiewicz, A.Item Metadata only Effects of Prostaglandin E1 analogue, Misoprostol, on the development of adjuvant arthritis in rats(Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995) Rainsford, K.; Whitehouse, M.; Vernon-Roberts, B.Prostaglandins (PG) E , E and the PGE analogue, misoprostol, have been shown to inhibit T-cell functions and the production by activated monocytes or macrophages of interleukin-1, indicating that these PGs may have potential anti-arthritic activity by suppressing T-cell and monocyte activity. In view of this the potential anti-arthritic effects of the long half-life PG, misoprostol (MPL), were examined in adjuvant arthritic rats under prophylactic and therapeutic treatment regimes. Transcutaneous or subcutaneous MPL given at 200 Μg/kg/day but not at 50 or 5 Μg/kg/day when given 0 to +5 or 0 to + 14 days post-induction inhibited the development of the disease whereas the orally administered drug was without effects. MPL given transcutaneously with oral indomethacin (1 or 2 mg/kg/day) on days +17 to + 30 post-induction produced greater anti-inflammatory effects than with this NSAID alone. MPL given orally in combination with this NSAID did not enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of the latter. MPL 200 Μg/kg given transcutaneously exhibited anti-ulcer activity against indomethacin (30 mg/kg p.o.), naproxen (10 mg/kg i.p.) or piroxicam (5 mg/kg i.p.) induced gastric damage in arthritic rats and this was comparable with that from 100 Μg/kg MPL given orally. These results show that MPL has both unique anti-arthritic effects only when given transcutaneously or parenterally as well as anti-ulcer activity.Item Metadata only Metallothionein induction in cultured rat hepatocytes byarthritic rat serum, activated macrophages, IL-6 IL-11 and leukaemia inhibitory factor(Birkhauser Verlag, 1995) Coyle, P.; Philcox, J.; Rofe, A.Potential mediators of hepatic metallothionein (MT) synthesis in adjuvant-induced arthritis were investigated in cultured rat hepatocytes. Sera from arthritic rats (14 d post-adjuvant treatment) in the presence of Zn (50 mumol/L)+dexamethasone (Dex; 1 mumol/L) increased metallothionein (MT) accumulation by 34% above that obtained with control rat serum with Zn+Dex. Endogenous IL-6 activity in serum from arthritic rats was 93 +/- 49 U/mL and was undetectable in control rat serum. The activities of TNF, IL-1 and corticosterone concentrations were the same in control and arthritic rats. The accumulation of MT in hepatocytes in the presence of Zn (10 mumol/L)+Dex (1 mumol/L) was enhanced 29% and 49% by media from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peritoneal macrophage (PMM) and Kupffer cell cultures (KCM), respectively. The response with PMM and KCM was quantitatively the same as that with interleukin-6 (IL-6). Analysis of PMM and KCM showed activities of 1,000-10,000 U/mL for IL-6, 100-1000 U/mL for TNF and < 10,000 U/mL for IL-1, the latter detected only in PMM. LPS alone enhanced the accumulation of MT above Zn+Dex in a dose dependent manner. A significant LPS response was obtained at 5 mg/L with a maximal stimulation above Zn+Dex of 38% at 10 mg/L. This direct stimulation of MT by LPS was not part of the response observed with PMM and KCM where the final LPS concentration in culture was only 0.1 mg/L. Other cytokines capable of synergy with Zn+Dex on MT synthesis were investigated. Interleukin-11 (IL-11) increased the Zn+Dex induction in a dose dependent manner with maximal stimulation at 100 U/mL of 40%. A small stimulation of 12% above Zn+Dex was obtained with leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) at concentrations greater than 100 U/mL. No enhancement of the Zn+Dex response was obtained with interleukin-3 (1000 U/mL), interleukin-4 (10 micrograms/L), platelet activating factor (5 nmol/L) or granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (5 micrograms/L). Neither IL-11 nor LIF enhanced the response obtained with Zn+Dex+IL-6. The results demonstrate that mediators present in arthritic rat serum and in LPS-stimulated PMM and KCM cause a quantitatively similar response on MT accumulation as IL-6. IL-11 and to a lesser extent LIF, are also potential mediators of MT synthesis in inflammation.