South Australian Centre for Economic Studies
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Item Restricted Apprenticeships in homelessness: a quantitative study(Australian Social Policy Association, 2015) Cebulla, A.; Goodwin-Smith, I.Training and education are acknowledged routes into employment, but they also entail risks of contemporaneous financial loss, and economic and social insecurity. This paper explores the specific risk of homelessness among apprentices and trainees, drawing on a survey conducted in South Australia in 2013. Housing has been largely overlooked by studies of the wellbeing of apprentices and trainees, and by explorations of the drivers of attrition rates that continue to plague Australia’s training schemes. The data examined here reveal the high proportion of income that trainees spent on their housing; home moves motivated by the desire to reduce rental or mortgage payments; and a small proportion of learners who experienced periods of homelessness. Closer statistical analysis reveals that apprentices and trainees with past experiences of homelessness were disproportionately likely to be pursuing courses in retail and personal services, or in transport. They were also likely to be receiving Youth Allowance or AUSTUDY payments. We recommend better recording of apprentices’ and trainees’ housing situations and greater use of administrative data to improve our understanding and reduce the incidence of homelessness among this population.Item Metadata only Australia, the healthiest nation: death, hospital and cost savings of the Preventative Health Taskforce target reductions for alcohol, 2007 to 2020(Australasian Medical Journal, 2010) Chikritzhs, T.; Whetton, S.; Daube, M.; Pascal, R.; Evans, M.Background: The National Preventative Health Taskforce has set a 30% target reduction in the proportion of risky and high-risk drinkers by 2020. This study estimated the potential saving in deaths, hospitalisations and associated economic cost savings to premature mortality and health of achieving the target. Method: Past national estimates of alcohol-attributable hospitalisations and deaths were used to forecast trends from 2007 to 2020. Estimated potential savings in deaths and hospitalisations were based on incremental decline in the prevalence of risky/high-risk drinking reaching a total of 30% by 2020 (about 2.3% per year). Associated economic costs of premature death were estimated using the Value of Statistical Life method (willingness to pay). Hospital costs were estimated from known trends in annual national costs for recent past years and taking inflation into account. Results: A 30% reduction in risky/high-risk drinkers would avoid an estimated 7,200 deaths and some 94,000 person-years-of-life lost due to premature death by 2020. The estimated benefit to the health sector would include 330,000 fewer hospitalisations and 1.5 million associated bed days. The net present value of these benefits is AUD 22.7 billion from deaths avoided and AUD 1.7 billion from fewer hospital separations totalling AUD 24.4 billion. Conclusion: The potential savings in premature deaths, health and associated financial costs of a 30% reduction in risky and high-risk drinking by 2020 across the Australian population are considerable.Item Metadata only Disability, and social and economic inclusion: who is in and out of the Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme?(Tayylor & Francis, 2016) Cebulla, A.; Zhu, R.A new National Disability Insurance Scheme is being trialled in Australia, following criticism of the fragmented and inequitable nature of existing disability supports (e.g. in the 2009 ‘Shut Out’ report by the National People with Disabilities and Carer Council) and reform recommendations made by the Australian Government’s Productivity Commission in 2011. The Insurance Scheme distinguishes between people living with disability who will be eligible for different types of supports: either mainly information about services provided in the community or direct supports and self-managed funding. Analysis of the categories highlights differences in socio-demographics, unmet need for help, and social and labour market inclusion. Unmet need for help was disproportionately prevalent among people with disability when compared to people not living with disability. A higher level of educational capital among people with most severe or profound disability, however, contributed to reduced levels of reported unmet need for some. Overlapping associations between disability, social characteristics and inclusion suggest that nuances in support needs be observed and interventions included that also support people with less severe disability.Item Metadata only Drug and alcohol use as barriers to employment: a review of the literature(Loughborough University, 2004) Sutton, L.; Heaver, C.; Cebulla, A.; Smith, N.; UK Department for Work and PensionsItem Metadata only Drugs and alcohol as barriers to employment : final report(UK Department for Work and Pensions, 2004) Cebulla, A.; Heaver, C.; Smith, N.; Sutton, L.; UK Department for Work and PensionsItem Metadata only Educational attainment of blind and partially sighted pupils(Royal National Institute of Blind People, 2009) Chanfreau, J.; Cebulla, A.; Royal National Institute of Blind PeopleAIM The aim of this study was to improve the understanding of how visual impairment affects the educational attainments of secondary school students. FINDINGS Across the whole of the UK, the statistics showed that visual impairment does affect educational attainment. The effect is compounded if the pupil also has other special educational needs (SEN). For England and Wales, we analysed educational attainment at Key Stage 4 using the National Pupil Databases. The findings suggest that all children with visual impairment entered secondary school with lower attainment than other pupils, but the worst off were those with both a sight impairment and another SEN. Over half of all visually impaired pupils had an additional SEN, typically moderate learning difficulties. Just 15% of these pupils with both visual impairment and an additional SEN achieved 5 or more GCSEs (A*-C). This compared with 54% of visually impaired pupils without another SEN and 64% of pupils without any SEN. In England, the achievement of pupils with both visual impairment and other SEN remained significantly lower even after statistically accounting for their prior attainment. This indicates that pupils with both visual impairment and additional SEN unrelated to sight continue to fall behind during secondary school. In contrast, when we controlled for the pupils' prior school results the GCSE results of pupils with only visual impairment were no different from the results of pupils without SEN. We concluded that the small attainment gap was probably already present before the pupils began secondary school but did not widen in secondary school. In Northern Ireland and Scotland, school results are collected for school leavers. The statistics for these countries showed similar patterns of achievement as found for England and Wales. Pupils without SEN had the highest attainment levels, pupils with visual impairment had lower attainment levels but the lowest exam results were recorded for pupils with other SEN. METHODOLOGY This was a quantitative study based on secondary analysis of administrative data collated from the National Pupil Databases for England and Wales, the Northern Ireland School Leavers Survey and the Scottish Annual Pupil Census.Item Metadata only Feeling able to influence local decision making; understanding, barriers, facilitators and strategies for increasing empowerment(Department for Communities and Local Government, 2008) Kotecha, M.; Graham, J.; Cebulla, A.; UK Department for Communities and Local GovernmentItem Metadata only From job seekers to job keepers: job retention, advancement and the role of in-work support programmes(Corporate Document Services, 2002) Kellard, K.; Adelman, L.; Cebulla, A.; Heaver, C.; UK Department for Work and Pensions Research Report No.170Item Metadata only Monitoring the quality of life: A public policy tool for small regional economies facing globalisation(National University of Singapore, 2000) O'Neil, M.; International Conference on Quality of Life in Cities (2nd : 2000 : Singapore); South Australian Centre for Economic StudiesItem Metadata only One Clear Objective: Poverty Reduction through Sustainable Development(Australian Government Publishing Service and AusAID, 1997) Simons, Paul; Hart, Gaye; Walsh, Cliff; South Australian Centre for Economic StudiesItem Metadata only Opportunities Out of Kyoto: The Economic Impact of Climate Change Policy on South Australia(SA Centre for Economic Studies, 1998) Coombs, G. J.; Lindsay, S. A.; South Australian Centre for Economic StudiesItem Metadata only Profiling london's rough sleepers: a longitudinal analysis of CHAIN data(Broadway Homelessness and Support, 2009) Cebulla, A.; Rice, B.; Tomaszewski, W.; Hough, J.; Broadway Homelessness and Support; Savage, T.Broadway, in conjunction with the National Centre for Social Research and supported by the DCLG, conducted a longitudinal analysis of data from CHAIN. This report provides extensive analysis of data collected about rough sleeping in London since that late 1990s, exploring the backgrounds and experiences of rough sleepers (nationality, ethnicity, age, substance use, mental health) and the effectiveness of routes off the street.Item Metadata only Report on a meta-analysis of US welfare-to-work programs(Institute for Research on Poverty, 2005) Greenberg, D.; Cebulla, A.; Bouchet, S.; US Department of Health and Human ServicesItem Open Access Risk perception and the presentation of self: Reflections from fieldwork on risk(Freie Universität Berlin, 2006) Smith, N.; Cebulla, A.; Cox, L.; Davis, A.The growth of sociological interest in how people perceive and experience everyday risk needs to be matched with more empirical research. This paper reflects on such a study, and discusses one of the methodological challenges this involved. The study adopts a narrative biographical method (loosely defined) to examine participants' decision-making in relation to their careers. To avoid prejudicing participants' responses about the extent to which notions of risk impact on their worldviews, explicit reference to "risk" was withheld in the interviews. Participants were not preoccupied with risk and, ostensibly, tended to distance themselves from their roles as agents. However, their stories provided examples of decision-making and risk-awareness. The paper argues that participants' presentation of self—or, in the context of the interviews, their narrative construction of identity—obscures their roles as life-planners. Thus, a challenge for empirical research of everyday risk is to disentangle how people identify and present themselves, and how they perceive themselves as agents in risk society.Item Metadata only Risky behaviour and social activities(Department for Children, Schools and Families, 2009) Cebulla, A.; Tomaszewki, W.; Department for Children, Schools and FamiliesThe aim of the study was to explore whether risky behaviour is reinforced or counterbalanced by various types of social and individual activities and the impacts on educational outcomes at age 16. The analysis is based on four waves of the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England together with National Pupil Database data. The data did not allow identification of the type of ‘structured and supervised’ positive activities promoted by policy to reduce risky behaviour and therefore could not (and was not intended to) test the effectiveness of this policy focus.Item Metadata only Spotlight on refugee integration: findings from the Survey of New Refugees in the United Kingdom(UK Home Office, 2010) Cebulla, A.; Daniel, M.; Zurawan, A.; UK Home OfficeThis report summarises the results of the Survey of New Refugees (SNR), a longitudinal study of refugee integration in the UK. Integration was considered in terms of the English language skills, employment and housing of new refugees. The research was initiated by Analysis, Research and Knowledge Management (ARK) within the UK Border Agency, which commissioned the National Centre for Social Research (NatCen) to undertake the longitudinal data analysis and preparation of this report.Item Metadata only Student income and expenditure survey 2004/05(DfES Publications, 2006) Finch, S.; Jones, A.; Parfrement, J.; Cebulla, A.; Connor, H.; Hillage, J.; Pollard, E.; Tyers, C.; Hunt, W.; Loukas, G.; UK Department for Education and SkillsThe 2004/05 Student Income and Expenditure Survey (SIES), commissioned by the Department for Education and Skills (DfES) and the National Assembly of Wales (NAW) was conducted jointly by a research team from the National Centre for Social Research and the Institute for Employment Studies (NatCen/IES). The survey covered a random sample of a little over 3,700 full-time and part-time (including Open University, OU) students in higher education (HE) in England and Wales at 88 institutions and was conducted between January and April 2005, using face-to-face interviews and expenditure diaries (telephone interviews for OU students). It was the first comprehensive assessment since 1998/99 and designed to set a baseline against which future changes, following the 2004 Higher Education Act, could be monitored. The survey collected data on students income, expenditure, debt, savings and financial hardship and a range of personal information.Item Metadata only The Birdwood Classic: A classic car rally for the car enthusiasts and others(School of Tourism and Hospitality, La Trobe University, 2000) Molloy, J.; Kirchner, K.; Peak Performance in Tourism and Hospitality Research Program (2 Feb 2000 : Victoria, Australia); Michael, D.Item Metadata only The influence of gaming expenditure on crime rates in South Australia: A local area empirical investigation(Human Sciences Press, Inc., 2008) Wheeler, S.; Round, D.; Sarre, R.; O'Neil, M.Although there has been much speculation about the possible links between gambling and crime rates, relevant quantitative evidence has been practically non-existent in Australia to date. This paper reports the results of research that utilised a model designed to investigate the potential relationship between electronic gaming machine expenditures and property (income-generating) crime rates reported to police in local areas in South Australia in 2002–2003. The research found that the higher the expenditures on gaming machines in a particular local area per adult, the higher the income-generating crime rate in that area. No such relationship was found between gaming machine expenditure and non-income-generating crime rates. However, further research is required before any policy-relevant conclusions can be drawn.Item Metadata only The new deal for lone parents, lone parent work-focused interviews and working families tax credit - a review of impacts(Department for Work and Pensions, 2008) Cebulla, A.; Flore, G.; Greenberg, D.; UK Department for Work and PensionsThis research report compares the findings of a number of published evaluations of New Deal for Lone Parents (NDLP), Lone Parent Work Focused Interviews (LPWFIs) and Working Families' Tax Credit (WFTC). These policies have all been subject to separate evaluations at different points in time between 2003 and 2006. The aims of this evaluation were to: bring the wealth of evidence together into a single, comprehensive report; consider the range of impact estimates available; report on the effectiveness of the policies. The impact assessments have typically used different methods and impact indicators, so a key aspect of reconciling the evidence was to establish the extent to which the different estimates were compatible. The research was also concerned with extracting information from the existing studies about the interaction or linkages between the policies, including the impact of LPWFIs on referrals to NDLP.