Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education: Wilto Yerlo publications
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Item Metadata only The use of segregation for children in the Northern Territory Youth Detention System: Submission to the Royal Commission into the Protection and Detention of Children in the Northern Territory(The University of Adelaide, 2016) Grant, E.M.; Royal Commission into the Protection and Detention of Children in the Northern TerritoryItem Open Access Spending for success: identifying 'what works?' for Indigenous student outcomes in Australian Universities(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2021) Hearn, S.; Kenna, L.Despite the continued investment in Indigenous support networks and dedicated education units within universities, levels of key performance indicators for Indigenous students— access, participation, success and completion (attainment)—remain below that of the overall domestic student population in most institutions. It remains important to determine what works to achieve Indigenous student success in higher education. This paper proposes that such methods have an integral role to play in providing a holistic view of Indigenous participation and success at university, and are particularly useful in the development and evaluation of strategies and programs. This project found no quantitative correlation between financial investment and success rate for Indigenous students. A negative correlation between access rate and success rate suggests that factors other than those that encourage participation are important in supporting successful outcomes. Those universities that have high success rates have a suite of programs to support Indigenous students, but it is not immediately clear which of these strategies and programs may be most effective to facilitate Indigenous student success rates. In this discussion, we suggest that a multi-layered determinants model is a useful way to conceptualise the many factors that may impact on student success, and how they might intersect.Item Metadata only Preschool attendance and developmental outcomes at age five in Indigenous and non-Indigenous children: a population-based cohort study of 100 357 Australian children(BMJ Publishing Group, 2020) Falster, K.; Hanly, M.; Edwards, B.; Banks, E.; Lynch, J.W.; Eades, S.; Nickel, N.; Goldfeld, S.; Biddle, N.Background: Policies to increase Australian Indigenous children's participation in preschool aim to reduce developmental inequities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children. This study aims to understand the benefits of preschool participation by quantifying the association between preschool participation in the year before school and developmental outcomes at age five in Indigenous and non-Indigenous children.Methods:We used data from perinatal, hospital, birth registration and school enrolment records, and the Australian Early Development Census (AEDC), for 7384 Indigenous and 95 104 non-Indigenous children who started school in New South Wales, Australia in 2009/2012. Preschool in the year before school was recorded in the AEDC. The outcome was developmental vulnerability on ≥1 of five AEDC domains, including physical health, emotional maturity, social competence, language/cognitive skills and communication skills/general knowledge. Results: 5051 (71%) Indigenous and 68 998 (74%) non-Indigenous children attended preschool. Among Indigenous children, 33% of preschool attenders and 44% of the home-based care group were vulnerable on ≥1 domains, compared with 17% of preschool attenders and 33% in the home-based care group among non-Indigenous children. In the whole population model, the adjusted risk difference for developmental vulnerability among preschool attenders was -7.9 percentage points (95% CI, -9.8 to -6.1) in non-Indigenous children and -2.8 percentage points (95% CI -4.8 to -0.7) in Indigenous children, compared with Indigenous children in home-based care. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a likely beneficial effect of preschool participation on developmental outcomes, although the magnitude of the benefit was less among Indigenous compared with non-Indigenous children.Item Open Access Establishment of a sentinel surveillance network for sexually transmissible infections and blood borne viruses in Aboriginal primary care services across Australia: The ATLAS project(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020) Bradley, C.; Hengel, B.; Crawford, K.; Elliott, S.; Donovan, B.; Mak, D.B.; Nattabi, B.; Johnson, D.; Guy, R.; Fairley, C.K.; Wand, H.; Ward, J.; Lewis, D.; Bowden, F.; Selvey, C.; Bastian, L.; Smallwood, G.Background Sexually transmissible infection (STI) and blood-borne virus (BBV) diagnoses data are a core component of the Australian National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). However, the NNDSS data alone is not enough to understand STI and BBV burden among priority population groups, like Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, because it lacks testing, treatment and management data. Here, we describe the processes involved in establishing a STI and BBV sentinel surveillance network representative of Aboriginal Community-Controlled Health Services (ACCHS)—known as the ATLAS network—to augment the NNDSS and to help us understand the burden of disease due to STI and BBV among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Methods Researchers invited participation from ACCHS in urban, regional and remote areas clustered in five clinical hubs across four Australian jurisdictions. Participation agreements were developed for each clinical hub and individual ACCHS. Deidentified electronic medical record (EMR) data relating to STI and BBV testing, treatment and management are collected passively from each ACCHS via the GRHANITEtm data extraction tool. These data are analysed centrally to inform 12 performance measures which are included in regular surveillance reports generated for each ACCHS and clinical hub. Results The ATLAS network currently includes 29 ACCHS. Regular reports are provided to ACCHS to assess clinical practice and drive continuous quality improvement initiatives internally. Data is also aggregated at the hub, jurisdictional and national level and will be used to inform clinical guidelines and to guide future research questions. The ATLAS infrastructure can be expanded to include other health services and potentially linked to other data sources using GRHANITE. Conclusions The ATLAS network is an established national surveillance network specific to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The data collected through the ATLAS network augments the NNDSS and will contribute to improved STI and BBV clinical care, guidelines and policy program-planning.Item Open Access 2000 Year-old Bogong moth (Agrotis infusa) Aboriginal food remains, Australia(Springer Science and Business Media, 2020) Stephenson, B.; David, B.; Fresløv, J.; Arnold, L.J.; GunaiKurnai Land and Waters Aboriginal Corporation,; Delannoy, J.-J.; Petchey, F.; Urwin, C.; Wong, V.N.L.; Fullagar, R.; Green, H.; Mialanes, J.; McDowell, M.; Wood, R.; Hellstrom, J.Insects form an important source of food for many people around the world, but little is known of the deep-time history of insect harvesting from the archaeological record. In Australia, early settler writings from the 1830s to mid-1800s reported congregations of Aboriginal groups from multiple clans and language groups taking advantage of the annual migration of Bogong moths (Agrotis infusa) in and near the Australian Alps, the continent's highest mountain range. The moths were targeted as a food item for their large numbers and high fat contents. Within 30 years of initial colonial contact, however, the Bogong moth festivals had ceased until their recent revival. No reliable archaeological evidence of Bogong moth exploitation or processing has ever been discovered, signalling a major gap in the archaeological history of Aboriginal groups. Here we report on microscopic remains of ground and cooked Bogong moths on a recently excavated grindstone from Cloggs Cave, in the southern foothills of the Australian Alps. These findings represent the first conclusive archaeological evidence of insect foods in Australia, and, as far as we know, of their remains on stone artefacts in the world. They provide insights into the antiquity of important Aboriginal dietary practices that have until now remained archaeologically invisible.Item Open Access Let's CHAT (community health approaches to) dementia in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities: protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial(BMC, 2020) Bradley, K.; Smith, R.; Hughson, J.; Atkinson, D.; Bessarab, D.; Flicker, L.; Radford, K.; Smith, K.; Strivens, E.; Thompson, S.; Blackberry, I.; Logiudice, D.Background: Documented rates of dementia and cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND) in older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples is 3–5 times higher than the rest of the population, and current evidence suggests this condition is under-diagnosed and under-managed in a clinical primary care setting. This study aims to implement and evaluate a culturally responsive best practice model of care to optimise the detection and management of people with cognitive impairment and/or dementia, and to improve the quality of life of carers and older Aboriginal and Torres Islander Peoples with cognitive impairment. Methods/design: The prospective study will use a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial design working with 12 Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) across four states of Australia. Utilising a co-design approach, health system adaptations will be implemented including (i) development of a best practice guide for cognitive impairment and dementia in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities (ii) education programs for health professionals supported by local champions and (iii) development of decision support systems for local medical software. In addition, the study will utilise a knowledge translation framework, the Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (iPARIHS) Framework, to promote long-term sustainable practice change. Process evaluation will also be undertaken to measure the quality, fidelity and contextual influences on the outcomes of the implementation. The primary outcome measures will be rates of documentation of dementia and CIND, and evidence of improved management of dementia and CIND among older Indigenous peoples attending Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary care services through health system changes. The secondary outcomes will be improvements to the quality of life of older Indigenous peoples with dementia and CIND, as well as that of their carers and families. Discussion: The Let’s CHAT Dementia project will co-design, implement and evaluate a culturally responsive best practice model of care embedded within current Indigenous primary health care. The best practice model of care has the potential to optimise the timely detection (especially in the early stages) and improve the ongoing management of people with dementia or cognitive impairmentItem Metadata only Prevalence and nature of lung function abnormalities among Indigenous Australians referred to specialist respiratory outreach clinics in the Northern Territory(Wiley Online Library, 2019) Schubert, J.; Kruavit, A.; Mehra, S.; Wasgewatta, S.; Chang, A.B.; Heraganahally, S.S.BACKGROUND:Poor lung function is a predictor of future all-cause mortality. In Australia, respiratory diseases are particularly prevalent among the indigenous population, especially in remote communities. However, there are little published pulmonary function tests' (PFT) data of remote-based adult indigenous patients. AIM:To evaluate the severity of airflow obstruction and other PFT abnormalities of adults referred to specialist respiratory clinics in remote indigenous communities. METHODS:Retrospective analysis of PFT (pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry, total lung capacity (TLC) and diffusing capacity to carbon monoxide (DLCO)) of indigenous patients collected during specialist respiratory clinics in remote Northern Territory (NT) indigenous communities (Australia) between 2013 and 2015. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III without ethnic correction was used as the reference. RESULTS:Of the 357 patients, 150 had acceptable spirometry, and 71 had acceptable DLCO and TLC studies. Despite the relatively young age (mean = 49 years, SD = 12.9), their lung function was generally low; mean % predicted values were FEV1 = 55% (SD = 20.5%), FVC = 61% (SD = 15.6%), DLCO = 64.0% (SD = 19.7%) and TLC = 70.1% (SD = 18.2%). Mean FEV1 /FVC ratio was preserved (0.71, SD = 0.16). Post-bronchodilator airflow obstruction (FEV1 /FVC < 0.7) was observed in 37% of patients, where a large proportion (67%) demonstrated at least a severe airflow obstruction, with a mean FEV1 of 41% predicted. CONCLUSION:In this first study of PFT findings of indigenous adults from a remote-based clinical service, we found a high rate of at least moderate airflow limitation and low FVC along with preserved FEV1/FVC ratio. Increased awareness and screening for reduced lung function needs to be considered in this population.Item Metadata only Joseph Gumbula, the ancestral chorus, and how we value Indigenous knowledges(Walter de Gruyter, 2018) Corn, A.Joseph Neparrŋa Gumbula (1954–2015) had an atypical scholarly trajectory. Born into a long line of Yolŋu leaders in the remote town of Milingimbi in the Arnhem Land Aboriginal Reverse, he left school in his mid-teens for the neighbouring town of Galiwin’ku in 1971, where he joined the country and gospel band, Soft Sands, as a singer and guitarist. Through his passion for making music and admission to Yolŋu ritual leadership in 1997, Gumbula discovered a new calling in researching the documented legacy of his family history in ethnographic collections around the world. This pursuit set him on an unprecedented path towards leading national research grants supported by fellowships at various universities. His research would return to Arnhem Land rare and precious ethnographic materials dating back as far as the edge of living memory in 1920s, and exemplify how Indigenous heritage collections can be grown, managed and made accessible with broad benefits. Paralleling the emergence of affordable digital media technologies, his research interests progressed accordingly from isolated local databases to clouded mobile delivery platforms. The interdisciplinary networks that Gumbula built were far reaching and have left lasting impacts. In this article, I expand upon my Gumbula Memorial Lecture for the 2017 Information Technologies and Indigenous Communities (ITIC) Symposium in Melbourne to explore how Gumbula challenged his students and colleagues to think and work beyond the conventions of disciplinary and professional methodologies, thereby transforming our understandings of knowledge itself and encouraging us to act as proactive agents in the world.Item Open Access Formulating a fiscal reaction function for ADAM(Denmark Statistics, 2015) Ambaw, D.; Knudsen, D.We attempt to clarify the formation of interest income and examine the role of a fiscal reaction function in ADAM in keeping the public debt from exploding when there is 1% increase in the public purchase of goods and services and the VAT rate. The paper briefly demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed fiscal rule in stabilizing the public budget.Item Metadata only Developing community based models of Corporate Social Responsibility(Elsevier, 2018) Fordham, A.E.; Robinson, G.M.; Van Leeuwen, J.In this article, grounded theory was used to develop models of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) that can generate benefits for communities impacted by the Australian resource sector. Interviews were conducted with community representatives who interacted with a range of resource companies located in three Australian jurisdictions. Separate conceptual models were developed for Indigenous communities with legislated land rights as opposed to local communities nearby resource development. This was because they had different priorities in terms of model elements. Indigenous people sought to maintain cultural and environmental values through CSR whilst accepting a need for some social change. These values were expressed in cases where legislative frameworks enabled their protection and sufficient resources were available, such as financial capital, policy commitments and stakeholder support. Local communities were seeking to maintain their viability and to ensure companies were accountable for their impacts. CSR in this context relied on company policy and the formation of voluntary partnerships which differed according to the organisation’s culture. In this paper, it is argued that participatory CSR provided a mechanism to express community values linking it to perceptions of empowerment and capacity to provide long-term value to communities. The study also helps identify where improvements can be made to the Australian resource sector.Item Metadata only Conveying sacred knowledge through contemporary architectural design: the Garma Cultural Knowledge Centre(e-IPH International Publishing House, 2016) Grant, E.; 6th Asia Pacific International Conference on Environment-Behaviour Studies (AicE-Bs 2015) (31 Aug 2015 - 5 Sep 2015 : Barcelona, Spain)The Indigenous peoples of north east Arnhem Land in Australia (Yolngu) overlay their culture with the customs and social behaviour of other societies to achieve positive outcomes and autonomy. Passing down cultural knowledge is intrinsic to the cultural identity of Yolngu. The paper discusses the recently completed Garma Cultural Knowledge Centre and examines the cultural knowledge conveyed through the medium of contemporary architecture design. The paper finds that the Garma Cultural Knowledge Centre combined aspects of non-Aboriginal and Aboriginal cultures to form a coherent whole with multi-facetted meanings.Item Open Access Experiential learning to increase palliative care competence among the Indigenous workforce: an Australian experience(BMJ, 2018) Shahid, S.; Ekberg, S.; Holloway, M.; Jacka, C.; Yates, P.; Garvey, G.; Thompson, S.C.Objectives: Improving Indigenous people’s access to palliative care requires a health workforce with appropriate knowledge and skills to respond to end-of-life (EOL) issues. The Indigenous component of the Program of Experience in the Palliative Approach (PEPA) includes opportunities for Indigenous health practitioners to develop skills in the palliative approach by undertaking a supervised clinical placement of up to 5 days within specialist palliative care services. This paper presents the evaluative findings of the components of an experiential learning programme and considers the broader implications for delivery of successful palliative care education programme for Indigenous people. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with PEPA staff and Indigenous PEPA participants. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and key themes identified. Results: Participants reported that placements increased their confidence about engaging in conversations about EOL care and facilitated relationships and ongoing work collaboration with palliative care services. Management support was critical and placements undertaken in settings which had more experience caring for Indigenous people were preferred. Better engagement occurred where the programme included Indigenous staffing and leadership and where preplacement and postplacement preparation and mentoring were provided. Opportunities for programme improvement included building on existing postplacement and follow-up activities. Conclusions: A culturally respectful experiential learning education programme has the potential to upskill Indigenous health practitioners in EOL care.Item Metadata only An international overview of the initiatives to accommodate Indigenous prisoners(Routledge, 2016) Grant, E.; Jewkes, Y.; Crewe, B.; Bennett, J.Item Metadata only Earth song as storywork : reclaiming Indigenous knowledges(David unaipon College of Indigenous Education and Research, 2015) Wyld, F.; Fredericks, B.Is it possible for Indigenous ways of knowing, which draw on earth song and storywork, to find a place within the academy? Indigenous peoples recognise that the earth has a song, which we can listen to as story. In return, we can sing our story to the world and of the world. In this paper, the authors explore their own stories and songs. They explain the ways that listening to the earth's song and working with stories can inform their work in the academy - as teachers who support younglings to hear their voices and develop their own songs, and as the writers and tellers of curriculum. The authors ask whether it is possible for Indigenous academics to combine their academic work with Indigenous ways of knowing. They argue that, not only is the combination possible, it can be used to create a harmonious voice that will help them to reclaim their power as Indigenous academic women.Item Metadata only The moving city as palimpsest(Australian Institute of Landscape Architects, 2016) Wyld, F.In Australia our cities are built upon the lands of Indigenous peoples, but Indigenous people are still here; their culture is still here. To see it we must stop, listen and look for the signs.Item Open Access Conveying sacred knowledge through contemporary architectural design: the Garma Cultural Knowledge Centre(Elsevier, 2015) Grant, E.; Asia Pacific International Conference on Environment-Behaviour Studies (AicE-Bs2015) (30 Aug 2015 - 4 Sep 2015 : Barcelona, Spain)Abstract not availableItem Metadata only Celebrating and sustaining Indigenous knowledges through research(World Indigenous Nations Higher Education Consortium, 2012) Robertson, B.; Anning, B.; Arbon, V.M.; Thomas, G.This paper reports on the growth of research within the World Indigenous Nations Higher Education Consortium (WINHEC). The focus is the research and later, research and journal working group. The intent is to discuss the publication of the WINHEC Journal, discussion papers and other activities such as the development of the Research Standards while analysing the underpinning imperatives to such work. The paper will also examine the complexity of progressing research, founded in local knowledge, aligned internationally to broader conceptions of Indigenous knowledge. The suggestion underlying this paper is that if research is undertaken from a position of Indigenous knowledge and epistemology, it will celebrate and sustain Indigenous people.Item Metadata only Indigenous at the heart: research in a Climate Change Project(Nga Pae o te Maramatanga, 2014) Arbon, V.; Rigney, L.-I.Indigenous involvement at all stages of research has been called for over several decades and is now an increasingly accepted requirement. This paper outlines the research approaches of the Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change: The Arabunna, South Australia project, which in the initial development phase identified a number of basic tenets. The intent is to outline these tenets, discuss the level of Indigenous involvement and activity within this project and analyse the approach taken in the context of key features articulated within Indigenous research over previous decades. Finally, this paper reflects on future research directions, particularly the importance of informed Indigenous involvement, the need for respectful relationships in multi- knowledges and multi- disciplinary research and the importance of communication.Item Metadata only Ian S. McIntosh. Aboriginal Reconciliation and the Dreaming: Warramiri Yolngu and the Quest for Equality. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 2000(University of Saskatchewan, 2015) Hutchings, S.J.Item Metadata only Introduction: Indigenous knowledges impacting the environment(Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga, the National Institute of Research Excellence in Māori Development, 2015) Hutchings, S.J.
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