Improving real-world skills in people with intellectual disabilities: an immersive virtual reality intervention

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dc.contributor.authorMichalski, S.C.
dc.contributor.authorGallomarino, N.C.
dc.contributor.authorSzpak, A.
dc.contributor.authorMay, K.W.
dc.contributor.authorLee, G.
dc.contributor.authorEllison, C.
dc.contributor.authorLoetscher, T.
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionPublished online: 3 April 2023
dc.description.abstractVirtual reality (VR) is a promising tool for training life skills in people with intellectual disabilities. However, there is a lack of evidence surrounding the implementation, suitability, and effectiveness of VR training in this population. The present study investigated the effectiveness of VR training for people with intellectual disabilities by assessing (1) their ability to complete basic tasks in VR, (2) real-world transfer and skill generalisation, and (3) the individual characteristics of participants able to benefit from VR training. Thirty-two participants with an intellectual disability of varying severity completed a waste management training intervention in VR that involved sorting 18 items into three bins. Real-world performance was measured at pre-test, post-test, and delayed time points. The number of VR training sessions varied as training ceased when participants met the learning target (≈ 90% correct). A survival analysis assessed training success probability as a function of the number of training sessions with participants split by their level of adaptive functioning (as measured on the Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System Third Edition). The learning target was met by 19 participants (59.4%) within ten sessions (Mdn = 8.5, IQR 4–10). Real-world performance significantly improved from pre- to post-test and pre- to delayed test. There was no significant difference from post- to delayed test. Further, there was a significant positive relationship between adaptive functioning and change in the real-world assessment from the pre-test to the post- and delayed tests. VR facilitated the learning of most participants, which led to demonstrations of real-world transfer and skill generalisation. The present study identified a relationship between adaptive functioning and success in VR training. The survival curve may assist in planning future studies and training programs.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityStefan Carlo Michalski, Nicholas Charles Gallomarino, Ancret Szpak, Kieran William May, Gun Lee, Caroline Ellison, Tobias Loetscher
dc.identifier.citationVirtual Reality, 2023; 27(4):3521-3532
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10055-023-00759-2
dc.identifier.issn1359-4338
dc.identifier.issn1434-9957
dc.identifier.orcidSzpak, A. [0000-0001-5646-8778]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/148186
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1136269
dc.rights© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-023-00759-2
dc.subjectVirtual reality; Intellectual disability; Training; Learning; Transfer; Skill generalisation; Adaptive functioning; Cybersickness
dc.titleImproving real-world skills in people with intellectual disabilities: an immersive virtual reality intervention
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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