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Item Metadata only Author Rejoinders and Reflections: III P T Babie(Routledge, 2025) Babie, P.; Barker, R.; Andersen, C.; Rasmi Alumari, M.Item Metadata only Response to Matt Watson, ‘A Socio-Legal Explication of the Divergent Legal Approaches to State Funding of Religious Schools in Canada and the United States(Routledge, 2025) Babie, P.; Barker, R.; Andersen, C.; Rasmi Alumari, M.Although Canada and the United States share a physical border, the same cannot be said of the constitutional treatment of the metaphysical boundary between church and state. As Matt Watson so ably shows in Chapter 6, as they arise in relation to public funding for religious schools, and in the absence in Canada of a constitutional bar to such funding, the legal differences between the two nations represent the product of divergent constitutional histories. In revealing these dual histories, Watson: advances an explanatory argument [that] [i]ntegrat[es] historical narratives, philosophical underpinnings, and societal dynamics and demographics, propos[ing] a multifaceted, interdisciplinary explanation for why American and Canadian legal doctrines around state funding for religious schools diverge so substantially.Item Metadata only Express Directors’ Duties for Cybersecurity: Resilience through Adaptation(Springer, 2025) Nosworthy, B.; Stephens, D.; Stubbs, M.; White, S.Elements of corporate governance have been evident for almost as long as there has been an understanding of the corporate form, and it has always had to adapt to new challenges presented in each era. This chapter considers the modern challenge of cybersecurity risk and identifies existing resilience in the current Australian directors’ duties in light of their historical origins and prior adaptation, which enable them to respond to cybersecurity risk. Through careful consideration of analogous examples provided in existing case law in relation to the directors’ duties of care and loyalty, this chapter articulates the capacity of the current laws to hold senior corporate decision-makers accountable where they do not meet the expected standard of behaviour. The particular risks associated with cybersecurity are articulated and contrasted to extant risks regularly assessed and addressed by boards of directors, confirming the resilience of the directors’ duty regime in responding to this challenge.Item Metadata only Electroconductive Antibacterial Bioinks Enable Electrical Stimulation Enhancement of Proliferation and Elongation of Human Skin Fibroblasts.(American Chemical Society, 2025) Le, H.-P.; Hassan, K.; Alsenaide, M.; Purasinhala, K.; Tran, A.T.T.; Ramezanpour, M.; Al-Sarawi, S.; Tung, T.T.; Vreugde, S.; Losic, D.The limited electrical conductivity and poor antibacterial performance of many existing bioinks hinder their effectiveness in wound healing applications, where mimicking the native electrical properties of skin and preventing infection are critical. In this study, we developed multifunctional electroconductive and antibacterial bioinks designed to work synergistically with electrical stimulation (ES) therapy to overcome these limitations. These new bioinks are formulated by integrating the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) into a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and alginate (ALG) biopolymer matrix, followed by ionic cross-linking using Ga³⁺ ions. The CMC/ALG network provided favorable rheological properties for 3D bioprinting, while PEDOT:PSS imparted electrical conductivity to the resulting hydrogels. Cross-linking with Ga³⁺ with the carboxylic groups on the polymer chains enhanced the structural stability of the hydrogels and conferred antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. The engineered bioinks also supported excellent cellular support during bioprinting, as nearly 100% bioprinted cells were viable. When combined with ES, the Ga3+-cross-linked CMC/ALG/PEDOT:PSS bioinks significantly enhanced the elongation and proliferation of human skin fibroblasts over 9 days of culture. These results demonstrate the potential of this conductive, antibacterial, and cell-compatible bioink platform, augmented by ES, as a promising strategy to accelerate wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.Item Open Access High protein does not change autophagy in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after one hour(American Society for Clinical investigation, 2025) Singh, S.; Fourrier, C.; Hattersley, K.J.; Hein, L.K.; Gore, J.; Martin, A.; Dang, L.V.; King, B.; Protzman, R.A.; Trim, P.J.; Heilbronn, L.K.; Bensalem, J.; Sargeant, T.J.Autophagy is a catabolic quality control pathway that has been linked to neurodegenerative disease, atherosclerosis and ageing, and can be modified by nutrient availability in preclinical models. Consequently, there is immense public interest in stimulating autophagy in people. However, progress has been hampered by the lack of techniques to measure human autophagy. As a result, several key concepts in the field, including nutritional modulation of autophagy, have yet to be validated in humans. We conducted a single arm pre-post study in 42 healthy individuals, to assess whether an acute nutritional intervention could modify autophagy in humans. Two blood samples were collected per participant: after a 12 h overnight fast and 1 h post-consumption of a high protein meal. Autophagy turnover was assessed using a physiologically relevant measure of autophagic flux in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A lysosomal inhibitor was added directly to whole blood, with the resulting build-up of autophagy marker LC3B-II designated as flux, and measured quantitatively via ELISA. Notably, consumption of a high protein meal had no impact on autophagy, with no differences between overnight fasting and postprandial autophagic flux. We observed sexual dimorphism in autophagy, with females having higher autophagic flux compared to males (p = 0.0031). Exploratory analyses revealed sex-specific correlations between autophagy, insulin and glucose signalling. Importantly, our findings show that an acute nutritional intervention (overnight fasting followed by consumption of a protein-rich meal) does not change autophagic flux in humans, highlighting the need to conduct further autophagy studies in humans.Item Metadata only T-duality with H-Flux for 2d σ-Models(Springer, 2024) Han, F.; Mathai, V.In this paper, we establish graded T-duality for 2d σ-modelswith H-flux after localization. This establishes the most general version of T-duality for Type II String Theory. The graded T-duality map, which we call graded Hori morphism, is compatible with the Jacobi property of the graded fields, that was earlier studied in (Adv Theor Math Phys 25: 1235–1266, 2021). Also included are some open problems/conjectures.Item Metadata only Terminology and Provision for Students with Learning Difficulties: An Examination of Australian State Government Education Department Websites(Edith Cowan University, 2022) Todd, N.; Gaunt, L.; Porta, T.Students with learning difficulties form the largest group of students with additional needs in Australian mainstream classrooms. However the terminology surrounding these students differs broadly across the country. A consistent and shared understanding of the term learning difficulties is vital, as this impacts the identification and equitable provision of support for students experiencing difficulties with learning. The website of each Australian state/territory government education department was examined to determine to how students with learning difficulties are formally identified and supported. It was found that considerable differences, and even conflicting information, exist both within and across education systems. Implications and the significance of this situation are discussed.Item Metadata only Structural characterization of antibody-responses following Zolgensma treatment for AAV capsid engineering to expand patient cohorts(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Mietzsch, M.; Hsi, J.; Nelson, A.R.; Khandekar, N.; Huang, A.-M.; Smith, N.J.; Zachary, J.; Potts, L.; Farrar, M.A.; Chipman, P.; Ghanem, M.; Alexander, I.E.; Logan, G.J.; Huiskonen, J.T.; McKenna, R.Monoclonal antibodies are useful tools to dissect the neutralizing antibody response against the adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsids that are used as gene therapy delivery vectors. The presence of pre-existing neutralizing antibodies in large portions of the human population poses a significant challenge for AAV-mediated gene therapy, primarily targeting the capsid leading to vector inactivation and loss of treatment efficacy. This study structurally characterizes the interactions of 21 human-derived neutralizing antibodies from three patients treated with the AAV9 vector, Zolgensma®, utilizing high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy. The antibodies bound to the 2-fold depression or the 3-fold protrusions do not conform to the icosahedral symmetry of the capsid, thus requiring localized reconstructions. These complex structures provide unprecedented details of the mAbs binding interfaces, with many antibodies inducing structural perturbations of the capsid upon binding. Key surface capsid amino acid residues were identified facilitating the design of capsid variants with antibody escape phenotypes. These AAV9 capsid variants have the potential to expand the patient cohort to include those that were previously excluded due to their pre-existing neutralizing antibodies against the wtAAV9 capsid, and the possibly of further treatment to those requiring redosing.Item Metadata only Tailoring Water-in-DMSO Electrolyte for Ultra-stable Rechargeable Zinc Batteries(Wiley, 2025) Ren, H.; Li, S.; Xu, L.; Wang, L.; Liu, X.; Wang, L.; Liu, Y.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, H.; Gong, Y.; Lv, C.; Chen, D.; Wang, J.; Lv, Q.; Li, Y.; Liu, H.; Wang, D.; Cheng, T.; Wang, B.; Chao, D.; et al.Rechargeable zinc batteries (RZBs) are hindered by two primary challenges: instability of Zn anode and deterioration of the cathode structure in traditional aqueous electrolytes, largely attributable to the decomposition of active H₂O. Here, we design and synthesize a non-flammable water-in-dimethyl sulfoxide electrolyte to address these issues. X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in situ techniques and computational simulations demonstrate that the activity of H₂O in this electrolyte is extremely compressed, which not only suppresses the side reactions and increases the reversibility of Zn anode, but also diminishes the cathode dissolution and proton intercalation. The hybrid solid electrolyte interface (SEI), formed in situ, helps Zn- Zn symmetric cell a prolonged lifespan exceeding 10000 h at 0.5 mAcm‾² and 600 h at a 60% discharge depth. The versatility of this electrolyte endows the Zn-VO₂ full batteries ultra-stable cycling performance. This work provides insights into electrolyte structure–property relationships, and facilitates the design of high-performance RZBs.Item Metadata only Eyre peninsula aboriginal people’s connections with poonindie, 1850-1894(2020) Krichauff, S.The Native Training Institution situated at Poonindie, approximately eight kilometres north east of Port Lincoln, operated from 1850 until 1894. During that time, Aboriginal people belonging to diverse language and cultural groups came to reside at Poonindie, forging a new community in a world drastically altered by European invasion. Within three years of Poonindie’s formation, local Aboriginal people were resident at the institution. Throughout Poonindie’s operation ‘the wurley natives’ (namely, Aboriginal people from across Eyre Peninsula who did not become inmates of the institution) spent time on Poonindie where they worked for food and wages and received government supplies and medical attention. This paper draws on historical records held by the State Library and State Records of South Australia to trace the histories of Eyre Peninsula Aboriginal people who spent time at Poonindie.Item Metadata only The 2024 report of the MJA-Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: Australia emerging as a hotspot for litigation(Wiley, 2025) Beggs, P.J.; Woodward, A.J.; Trueck, S.; Linnenluecke, M.K.; Bambrick, H.; Capon, A.G.; Lokmic-Tomkins, Z.; Peel, J.; Bowen, K.; Hanigan, I.C.; Arriagada, N.B.; Cross, T.J.; Friel, S.; Green, D.; Heenan, M.; Jay, O.; Kennard, H.; Malik, A.; McMichael, C.; Stevenson, M.; et al.The MJA-Lancet Countdown on health and climate change in Australia was established in 2017 and produced its first national assessment in 2018 and annual updates in 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023. It examines five broad domains: health hazards, exposures and impacts; adaptation, planning and resilience for health; mitigation actions and health co-benefits; economics and finance; and public and political engagement. In this, the seventh report of the MJA-Lancet Countdown, we track progress on an extensive suite of indicators across these five domains, accessing and presenting the latest data and further refining and developing our analyses. We also examine selected indicators of trends in health and climate change in New Zealand. Our analyses show the exposure to heatwaves is growing in Australia, increasing the risk of heat stress and other health threats such as bushfires and drought. Our analyses also highlight continuing deficiencies in Australia's response to the health and climate change threat. A key component of Australia's capacity to respond to bushfires, its number of firefighting volunteers, is in decline, dropping by 38 442 people (17%) in just seven years. Australia's total energy supply remains dominated by fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), and although energy from coal decreased from 2021 to 2023, energy from oil increased, and transport energy from petrol grew substantially in 2021-22 (the most recent year for which data are available). Greenhouse gas emissions from Australia's health care sector in 2021 rose to their highest level since 2010. In other areas some progress is being made. The Australian Government completed the first pass of the National Climate Risk Assessment, which included health and social support as one of the eleven priority risks, based in part on the assessed severity of impact. Renewable sources such as wind and solar now provide almost 40% of Australia's electricity, with growth in both large-scale and small-scale (eg, household) renewable generation and battery storage systems. The sale of electric vehicles reached an all-time high in 2023 of 98 436, accounting for 8.47% of all new vehicle sales. Although Australia had a reprieve from major catastrophic climate events in 2023, New Zealand experienced cyclone Gabrielle and unprecedented floods, which contributed to the highest displacement of people and insured economic losses over the period of our analyses (ie, since the year 2010 and 2000 respectively). Nationally, regionally and globally, the next five years are pivotal in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning energy production to renewables. Australia is now making progress in this direction. This progress must continue and accelerate, and the remaining deficiencies in Australia's response to the health and climate change threat must be addressed. There are strong signs that Australians are increasingly engaged and acting on health and climate change, and our new indicator on health and climate change litigation in Australia demonstrates the legal system is active on this issue in this country. Our 2022 and 2023 reports signalled our intentions to introduce indicators on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and climate change, and mental health and climate change in Australia. Although the development of appropriate indicators is challenging, these are key areas and we expect our reporting on them will commence in our next report.Item Metadata only Postprandial Hyperglycaemia Screening and Pregnancy Outcomes-Lessons From COVID -19(Wiley, 2025) Bastian, B.; Smithers, L.G.; Kunjunju, A.; Pape, A.; Francois, M.Background: During COVID-19, the diagnosis and treatment of GDM differed from conventional criteria. In Australia, during the alternative testing period, women with fasting glucose < 4.7 mmol/L were not diagnosed with GDM.Aim: To describe the maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with fasting blood glucose < 4.7 mmol/L for whom the diagnosis and treatment pathways differed before and during COVID-19.Materials and Methods: An Australian population-based data linkage study involving 3891 women with fasting blood glu-cose < 4.7 mmol/L between 24 and 32 weeks of gestation categorised into three groups: women diagnosed with GDM by postpran-dial hyperglycaemia (PPGDM; n = 226); normal glucose tolerance group (NGT; n = 3125) and women not tested for postprandial hyperglycaemia, mostly during COVID-19 (LFBG; n = 540). Perinatal outcomes were compared using generalised linear models.Results: There were no differences between PPGDM and NGT groups in the risk of large for gestational age infants (RR 0.98,95% CI: 0.63–1.52) although the mean birth weight (MD −103.43, 95% CI: −175.46 to −31.40)) was lower in the PPGDM group.The maternal and neonatal outcomes in the LFBG group were mostly comparable to the NGT group.Conclusion: In our study, the Australian COVID-19 GDM screening protocol, which includes initial fasting glucose testing,reduced the need for an OGTT in 67% of pregnant women. Diagnosis and treatment for postprandial hyperglycaemia in women with lower FBG should consider the benefits, as well as the financial, logistical and psychological costs involved.Item Metadata only Effectiveness of electronic quality improvement activities to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in people with chronic kidney disease in general practice: cluster randomized trial with active control(JMIR Publications, 2025) Manski-Nankervis, J.-A.; Hunter, B.; Lumsden, N.; Laughlin, A.; McMorrow, R.; Boyle, D.; Chondros, P.; Jesudason, S.; Radford, J.; Prictor, M.; Emery, J.; Amores, P.; Tran-Duy, A.; Nelson, C.L.Background: Future Health Today (FHT) is a program integrated with electronic medical record (EMR) systems in general practice and comprises (1) a practice dashboard to identify people at risk of, or with, chronic disease who may benefit from intervention; (2) active clinical decision support (CDS) at the point of care; and (3) quality improvement activities. One module within FHT aims to facilitate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) through the recommendation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), or statins according to Australian guidelines (defined as appropriate pharmacological therapy). Objective: This study aimed to determine if the FHT program increases the proportion of general practice patients with CKD receiving appropriate pharmacological therapy (statins alone, ACEI or ARB alone, or both) to reduce CVD risk at 12 months postrandomization compared with active control (primary outcome). Methods: General practices recruited through practice-based research networks in Victoria and Tasmania were randomly allocated 1:1 to the FHT CKD module or active control. The intervention was delivered to practices between October 4, 2021, and September 30, 2022. Data extracted from EMRs for eligible patients identified at baseline were used to evaluate the trial outcomes at the completion of the intervention period. The primary analysis used an intention-to-treat approach. The intervention effect for the primary outcome was estimated with a marginal logistic model using generalized estimating equations with robust SE. Results: Overall, of the 734 eligible patients from 19 intervention practices and 715 from 21 control practices, 82 (11.2%) and 70 (9.8%), respectively, had received appropriate pharmacological therapy (statins alone, ACEI or ARB alone, or both) at 12 months postintervention to reduce CVD risk, with an estimated between-trial group difference (Diff) of 2.0% (95% CI –1.6% to 5.7%) and odds ratio of 1.24 (95% CI 0.85 to 1.81; P=.26). Of the 470 intervention patients and 425 control patients that received a recommendation for statins, 61 (13%) and 38 (9%) were prescribed statins at follow-up (Diff 4.3%, 95% CI 0 to 8.6%; odds ratio 1.55, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.35; P=.04). There was no statistical evidence to support between-group differences in other secondary outcomes and general practice health care use. Conclusions: FHT harnesses the data stored within EMRs to translate guidelines into practice through quality improvement activities and active clinical decision support. In this instance, it did not result in a difference in prescribing or clinical outcomes except for small changes in statin prescribing. This may relate to COVID-19–related disruptions, technical implementation challenges, and recruiting higher performing practices to the trial. A separate process evaluation will further explore factors impacting implementation and engagement with FHT.Item Metadata only Sustainable gold extraction from ore and electronic waste(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025) Mann, M.; Nicholls, T.P.; Patel, H.D.; Lisboa, L.S.; Pople, J.M.M.; Pham, L.N.; Worthington, M.J.H.; Smith, M.R.; Yin, Y.; Andersson, G.G.; Gibson, C.T.; Esdaile, L.J.; Lenehan, C.E.; Coote, M.L.; Jia, Z.; Chalker, J.M.Gold plays an essential role in the global economy and has wide applications in various industrial technologies. Currently, the gold supply relies heavily on mining processes that employ toxic substances such as cyanide salts and mercury metal, leading to substantial environmental pollution. Gold extraction approaches that do not rely on cyanide and mercury are needed to improve the overall sustainability of gold production. Here we develop an approach for gold leaching and recovery from ore and electronic waste. This approach first uses trichloroisocyanuric acid, activated by a halide catalyst, to oxidatively dissolve gold metal from ore and electronic waste, and then applies a polysulfide polymer sorbent to selectively bind gold from the leachate. The gold can be recovered in high purity by pyrolysing or depolymerizing the sorbent. The efficacy of this approach in gold extraction was validated using ore, electronic waste and other gold-containing waste. Overall, this work provides a viable approach to achieve greener gold production from both primary and secondary resources, improving the sustainability of the gold supply.Item Open Access Measurement of top-quark pair production in association with charm quarks in proton–proton collisions at √𝑠 = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector(Elsevier, 2025) Aad, G.; Aakvaag, E.; Abbott, B.; Abdelhameed, S.; Abeling, K.; Abicht, N.J.; Abidi, S.H.; Aboelela, M.; Aboulhorma, A.; Abramowicz, H.; Abreu, H.; Abulaiti, Y.; Acharya, B.S.; Ackermann, A.; Adam Bourdarios, C.; Adamczyk, L.; Addepalli, S.V.; Addison, M.J.; Adelman, J.; Adiguzel, A.; et al.Inclusive cross-sections for top-quark pair production in association with charm quarks are measured with proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1, collected with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC between 2015 and 2018. The measurements are performed by requiring one or two charged leptons (electrons and muons), two 𝑏-tagged jets, and at least one additional jet in the final state. A custom flavor-tagging algorithm is employed for the simultaneous identification of 𝑏-jets and 𝑐-jets. In a fiducial phase space that replicates the acceptance of the ATLAS detector, the cross-sections for 𝑡𝑡̄+ ≥2𝑐 and 𝑡𝑡̄+ 1𝑐 production are measured to be 1.28+0.27 −0.24 pb and 6.4+1.0 −0.9 pb, respectively. The measurements are primarily limited by uncertainties in the modeling of inclusive 𝑡𝑡̄ and 𝑡𝑡̄+ 𝑏𝑏̄ production, in the calibration of the flavor-tagging algorithm, and by data statistics. Cross-section predictions from various 𝑡𝑡̄ simulations are largely consistent with the measured cross-section values, though all underpredict the observed values by 0.5 to 2.0 standard deviations. In a phase-space volume without requirements on the 𝑡𝑡̄ decay products and the jet multiplicity, the cross-section ratios of 𝑡𝑡̄ + ≥2𝑐 and 𝑡𝑡̄ + 1𝑐 to total 𝑡𝑡̄ + jets production are determined to be (1.23 ± 0.25)% and (8.8±1.3)%.Item Metadata only Fat Intake from Different Dietary Sources and Incidence of Pancreatic Cancer in Adults: An Updated Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.(Taylor and Francis Group, 2025) Razavi, S.; Anjom-Shoae, J.; Zeydi, M.; Eshaghian, N.; Feinle-Bisset, C.; Askari, G.; Sadeghi, O.Previous meta-analyses on dietary fat and pancreatic cancer incidence have not explored the dose-response relationships. The current meta-analysis was conducted to assess the dose-response associations of total, animal, plant, meat, and dairy fat intake with pancreatic cancer risk in adults. A comprehensive literature search of relevant online databases was performed until April 2025 to detect eligible studies, identifying nine prospective cohort studies with a total sample size of 1,331,651 participants. Based on the highest versus lowest comparison, risk of pancreatic cancer was not significantly associated with dietary intakes of total (RR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.87-1.20), animal (RR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.70-1.57), plant (RR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.82-1.07), meat (RR: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.89-1.44), and dairy fats (RR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.81-1.26). However, in the subgroup analyses, we found a significant positive association between total fat intake and pancreatic cancer risk among studies with high-quality, defined based on the ROBINS-E tool (RR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.04-1.34). In the dose-response meta-analysis, we did not find a linear or non-linear association between fat intake (total and different types of fats) and pancreatic cancer risk. Overall, our findings suggest that dietary fat intake is directly associated with pancreatic cancer when assessed in high-quality studies.Item Metadata only Introduction to the special section: Energy diversification - Natural resources beyond fossil fuels(Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2025) Egorov, V.; Abriel, W.; Amoyedo, S.; Ball, P.; Bannister, K.; Dunlap, D.; Gristo Savornin, P.; Halder, S.; Hart-Wagoner, N.; Kernen, R.; Roundtree, R.; Smith, S.; Turner, J.Abstract not availableItem Metadata only Good Practices for Health Technology Assessment Guideline Development: A Report of the Health Technology Assessment International, HTAsiaLink, and ISPOR Special Task Force(Elsevier, 2025) Botwright, S.; Sittimart, M.; Chavarina, K.K.; Bayani, D.B.; Merlin, T.; Surgey, G.; Suharlim, C.; Espinoza, M.A.; Culyer, A.J.; Oortwijn, W.; Teerawattananon, Y.OBJECTIVES: Health technology assessment (HTA) guidelines are intended to support successful implementation of HTA by enhancing consistency and transparency in concepts, methods, process, and use, thereby enhancing the legitimacy of the decision-making process. This report lays out good practices and practical recommendations for developing or updating HTA guidelines to ensure successful implementation. METHODS: The task force was established in 2022 and comprised experts and academics from various geographical regions, each with substantial experience in developing HTA guidelines for national health policymaking. Literature reviews and key-informant interviews were conducted to inform these good practices. Stakeholder consultations, open peer reviews, and expert opinions validated the recommendations. A series of teleconferences among task force members was held to iteratively refine the report. RESULTS: The recommendations cover 6 key aspects throughout the guideline development cycle: (1) setting objectives, scope, and principles of the guideline, (2) building a team for a quality guideline, (3) defining a stakeholder engagement plan, (iv) developing content and utilizing available resources, (v) putting in place appropriate institutional arrangements, and (vi) monitoring and evaluating guideline success. CONCLUSION: This report presents a set of resources and context-appropriate practices for developing or updating HTA guidelines. Across all contexts, the recommendations emphasize transparency, building trust among stakeholders, and fostering a culture of ongoing learning and improvement. The report recommends timing development and revision of guidelines according to the HTA landscape and pace of HTA institutionalization. Because HTA is increasingly used to inform different kinds of decision making in a variety of country contexts, it will be important to continue to monitor lessons learned to ensure the recommendations remain relevant and effective.Item Metadata only A General Chip Subpixel Segmentation Localization Method Based on Improved Mayfly Algorithm(Óbuda University, 2024) Qian, W.; Sun, H.; Shi, P.; Rudas, I.In order to improve the robustness of processing chip images in surface mount technology, especially when it comes to using a single threshold value under different lighting conditions, this paper aims to propose a chip localization algorithm with low computational complexity and high generality. The study investigates the multi-threshold-based online chip localization problem and introduces an intelligent optimization algorithm to enhance its performance. An automatic adjustment mayfly method is presented, improving the mayfly algorithm by combining it with the sine and cosine algorithm to enhance global search and convergence capabilities, resulting in improved fitness values. Additionally, image processing using inter-class variance yields multiple thresholds. Together with corner point detection, a versatile chip localization method is proposed. Simulation results demonstrate significant enhancements in solution accuracy, convergence speed, and merit-seeking capability achieved by the improved algorithm. Finally, the method's effectiveness is verified through various chip localization experiments.Item Open Access Good Practices for Health Technology Assessment Guideline Development: A Report of the Health Technology Assessment International, HTAsiaLink, and ISPOR Special Task Force(Cambridge University Press, 2025) Botwright, S.; Sittimart, M.; Chavarina, K.K.; Bayani, D.B.S.; Merlin, T.; Surgey, G.; Suharlim, C.; Espinoza, M.A.; Culyer, A.J.; Oortwijn, W.; Teerawattananon, Y.Objectives: Health technology assessment (HTA) guidelines are intended to support the successful implementation of HTA by enhancing consistency and transparency in concepts, methods, processes, and use, thereby enhancing the legitimacy of the decision-making process. This report lays out good practices and practical recommendations for developing or updating HTA guidelines to ensure successful implementation. Methods: The task force was established in 2022 and comprised experts and academics from various geographical regions, each with substantial experience in developing HTA guidelines for national health policy making. Literature reviews and key informant interviews were conducted to inform these good practices. Stakeholder consultations, open peer reviews, and expert opinions validated the recommendations. A series of teleconferences among task force members was held to iteratively refine the report. Results: The recommendations cover six key aspects throughout the guideline development cycle: (1) setting objectives, scope, and principles of the guideline, (2) building a team for a quality guideline, (3) defining a stakeholder engagement plan, (4) developing content and utilizing available resources, (5) putting in place appropriate institutional arrangements, and (6) monitoring and evaluating guideline success. Conclusion: This report presents a set of resources and context-appropriate practices for developing or updating HTA guidelines. Across all contexts, the recommendations emphasize transparency, building trust among stakeholders, and fostering a culture of ongoing learning and improvement. The report recommends timing development and revision of guidelines according to the HTA landscape and pace of HTA institutionalization. Because HTA is increasingly used to inform different kinds of decision making in a variety of country contexts, it will be important to continue to monitor lessons learned to ensure the recommendations remain relevant and effective.