Development and validation of the COVID-19 Impact Scale in Australia
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(Accepted version)
Date
2023
Authors
McCormick, K.M.
Sethi, S.
Haag, D.
Macedo, D.M.
Hedges, J.
Quintero, A.
Smithers, L.
Roberts, R.
Zimet, G.
Jamieson, L.
Editors
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Type:
Journal article
Citation
Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2023; 39(10):1341-1354
Statement of Responsibility
Kym Michelle McCormick, Sneha Sethi, Dandara Haag, Davi Manzini Macedo, Joanne Hedges, Adrian Quintero, Lisa Smithers, Rachel Roberts, Gregory Zimet, Lisa Jamieson, Pedro Henrique Ribeiro Santiago
Conference Name
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted and continues to impact the health and well-being of Australian adults. However, there has been no instrument validated to comprehensively measure how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted adults in Australia across several domains (e.g. fear of COVID-19, attitudes towards vaccination, psychosocial impact of lockdowns).The current study conducted a rigorous psychometric process to develop and validate an instrument to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, the COVID-19 Impact Scale (CIS). METHOD: Data was obtained from the Australian population. Participants (N = 563) aged between 19 and 91 years (M = 54.50, SD = 16.16) provided online responses between June, 2021 and May, 2022. The majority of participants were female (60.9%), employed either full-time (37.65%) or part-time (22.02%), and had completed an undergraduate degree or higher (70.1%). An initial pool of 30 items was developed based on a review of the literature and input from a panel of experts including psychologists, epidemiologists, and public health experts, among others. The study used network psychometrics to examine the psychometric properties of: (1) item score distributions; (2) item redundancy; (3) dimensionality; (4) model fit; (5) measurement invariance; (6) reliability; and (7) criterion validity. RESULTS: Following an evaluation of items for ceiling/floor effects and redundancy, the final CIS network model included eighteen nodes and displayed a three-dimensional structure. The three communities of "Fear" (consisting of three nodes; ω = 0.82), "Attitudes" (consisting of ten nodes; ω = 0.89), and "Ill-being" (consisting of five nodes; ω = 0.79) displayed adequate reliability. The evaluation of model fit indicated a good fit of the network model (RMSEA = 0.047; CFI =0.98). CONCLUSION: The instrument is available to be used by Australian researchers and implemented to evaluate public policies, adapted for future pandemics, or used internationally.
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Dissertation Note
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Description
Corrected by: Correction: Development and validation of the COVID-19 Impact Scale in Australia (07 sept, 10.1080/03007995.2023.2247323, 2023), in Vol. 39, Issue 10, (1). When this article was first published online, (1) the capitalization of some instrument names were incorrect and (2) the number of percentage places given to some values were wrong. These errors generated during the proofing process have now been corrected in the original article. As part of this process, and to improve readability of the text, two level 3 headings (in the Discussion section) which contained incorrectly capitalized instrument names were deleted rather than corrected.
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