The role of TGF-β in polycystic ovary syndrome
Date
2014
Authors
Raja-Khan, N.
Urbanek, M.
Rodgers, R.
Legro, R.
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Journal article
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Reproductive Sciences, 2014; 21(1):20-31
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Nazia Raja-Khan, Margrit Urbanek, Raymond J. Rodgers, and Richard S. Legro
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Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by chronic oligoanovulation and hyperandrogenism and associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk. In recent years, genetic studies have linked PCOS to a dinucleotide marker D19S884 in the fibrillin 3 gene. Fibrillins make up the major component of microfibrils in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and interact with molecules in the ECM to regulate transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling. Therefore, variations in fibrillin 3 and subsequent dysregulation of TGF-β may contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Here, we review the evidence from genetic studies supporting the role of TGF-β in PCOS and describe how TGF-β dysregulation may contribute to (1) the fetal origins of PCOS, (2) reproductive abnormalities in PCOS, and (3) cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities in PCOS.
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© The Author(s) 2013