Mild traumatic brain injury and bomb blast: stress, injury or both?
Date
2008
Authors
Ford, N.
Rosenfeld, J.
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Journal article
Citation
ADF Health, 2008; 9(2):68-73
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Abstract
The mechanisms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to bomb blast are different and more complex than nonblast TBI and therefore civilian brain injury data may not always be relevant. - Concussion occurring in United States soldiers deployed in Iraq is strongly associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and physical health problems 3–4 months after they return home. Multiple bomb blast exposures may be cumulative in their post-concussional effects. - Compulsory focused cognitive and psychological screening of all personnel pre- and post-deployment into operational zones is an important strategy for identification of personnel at risk of long-term sequelae, including PTSD, particularly in those who have been concussed or exposed to bomb blast. - Education and early-treatment programs are effective in reducing post-concussional syndrome and depression and in treating PTSD. - There are likely to be increasing numbers of Australian personnel returning from the Middle East and Afghanistan who have had exposure to blast injury, and Joint Health professionals need to consider and document any TBI component when assessing other aspects of their mental status.