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The "linked evidence approach" to assess medical tests: a critical analysis

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dc.contributor.authorMerlin, T.
dc.contributor.authorLehman, S.
dc.contributor.authorRyan, P.
dc.contributor.authorHiller, J.
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractObjectives: A linked evidence approach (LEA) is the synthesis of systematically acquired evidence on the accuracy of a medical test, its impact on clinical decision making and the effectiveness of consequent treatment options. We aimed to assess the practical utility of this methodology and to develop a decision framework to guide its use. Methods: As Australia has lengthy experience with LEA, we reviewed health technology assessment (HTA) reports informing reimbursement decisions by the Medical Services Advisory Committee (August 2005 to March 2012). Eligibility was determined according to predetermined criteria and data were extracted on test characteristics, evaluation methodologies, and reported difficulties. Fifty percent of the evidence-base was independently analyzed by a second reviewer. Results: Evaluations of medical tests for diagnostic (62 percent), staging (27 percent), and screening (6 percent) purposes were available for eighty-nine different clinical indications. Ninety-six percent of the evaluations used either the full LEA methodology or an abridged version (where evidence is linked through to management changes but not patient outcomes). Sixty-one percent had the full evidence linkage. Twenty-five percent of test evaluations were considered problematic; all involving LEA (n = 22). Problems included: determining test accuracy with an imperfect reference standard (41 percent); assessing likely treatment effectiveness in test positive patients when the new test is more accurate than the comparator (18 percent); and determining probable health benefits in those symptomatic patients ruled out using the test (13 percent). A decision framework was formulated to address these problems. Conclusions: LEA is useful for evaluating medical tests but a stepped approach should be followed to determine what evidence is required for the synthesis.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityTracy Merlin, Samuel Lehman, Philip Ryan, Janet E. Hiller
dc.identifier.citationInternational Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 2013; 29(3):343-350
dc.identifier.doi10.1017/S0266462313000287
dc.identifier.issn0266-4623
dc.identifier.issn1471-6348
dc.identifier.orcidMerlin, T. [0000-0002-7293-4262]
dc.identifier.orcidHiller, J. [0000-0002-8532-4033]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/79817
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherCambridge Univ Press
dc.rightsCopyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 The online version of this article is published within an Open Access environment subject to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike licence <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/>. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0266462313000287
dc.subjectDiagnostic test approval
dc.subjectEvaluation methodology
dc.subjectSystematic review
dc.subjectReimbursement mechanisms
dc.titleThe "linked evidence approach" to assess medical tests: a critical analysis
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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