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Highly Sensitive Fiber Optic Sensor for Simultaneous Refractive Index and Temperature Measurement Using Suspended Core Fiber

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dc.contributor.authorZhang, X.
dc.contributor.authorZhou, X.
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Y.
dc.contributor.authorNguyen, L.V.
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Y.
dc.contributor.authorWarren-Smith, S.C.
dc.contributor.authorLi, X.
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractA novel fiber optic sensor has been developed using suspended core fiber (SCF) to simultaneously measure the refractive index (RI) and temperature of liquids. The innovative design comprises an SCF segment spliced between two tapered single-mode fibers (SMFs). The SCF allows the transmission of multiple modes, thus enabling multimode interference. Importantly, the three internal holes of the SCF function as microfluidic channels, providing direct access to the evanescent field of the micrometer-scaled core. This direct interaction significantly enhances the sensor’s sensitivity by intensifying the light-sample interaction. Each pair of interfering optical modes exhibits distinct sensitivity to both temperature and RI. By performing Fourier analysis, the interference spectrum for each mode pair can be extracted. High sensitivity is achieved, with the values of 1560 and 1217 nm/RIU for RI within the range 1.3309–1.3350 and −0.25 nm/°C and −0.31 nm/°C for temperatures ranging from 20 °C to 40 °C. The resolutions of RI and temperature were 1.3×10‾⁵ RIU and 0.06 °C, respectively. The transfer matrix method effectively eliminates temperature interference during RI measurement, ensuring reliable and accurate RI readings. The sensor is shown to have a detection limit as low as 6.1×10¯⁵ RIU and 0.3 °C. Combining its desirable characteristics of good stability, a simple structure, and high sensitivity, this novel sensor holds significant promise for diverse applications in environmental monitoring, medical testing, and biological sensing.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityXindi Zhang, Xue Zhou, Yanan Zhang, Linh Viet Nguyen, Yong Zhao, Stephen C. Warren-Smith, and Xuegang Li
dc.identifier.citationIEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2025; 74:7001907-1-7001907-7
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/tim.2025.3533628
dc.identifier.issn0018-9456
dc.identifier.issn1557-9662
dc.identifier.orcidNguyen, L.V. [0000-0002-2543-2374]
dc.identifier.orcidWarren-Smith, S.C. [0000-0002-2612-6344]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/144794
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT200100154
dc.rights© 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining, and training of artificial intelligence and similar technologies. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3533628
dc.subjectMicrostructured optical fiber; optic sensor; refractive index (RI); simultaneous measurement; temperature
dc.titleHighly Sensitive Fiber Optic Sensor for Simultaneous Refractive Index and Temperature Measurement Using Suspended Core Fiber
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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