Multiple invasive species affect germination, growth, and photosynthesis of native weeds and crops in experiments
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Date
2023
Authors
Lenda, M.
Steudel, B.
Skórka, P.
Zagrodzka, Z.B.
Moroń, D.
Bączek-Kwinta, R.
Janowiak, F.
Baran, A.
Possingham, H.P.
Knops, J.M.H.
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Journal article
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Scientific Reports, 2023; 13(1):22146-1-22146-13
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Magdalena Lenda, Bastian Steudel, Piotr Skórka, Zuzanna B. Zagrodzka, Dawid Moroń, Renata Bączek, Kwinta, Franciszek Janowiak, Agnieszka Baran, Hugh P. Possingham, Johannes M. H. Knops
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Abstract
Alien plant species regularly and simultaneously invade agricultural landscapes and ecosystems; however, the effects of co-invasion on crop production and native biodiversity have rarely been studied. Secondary metabolites produced by alien plants may be allelopathic; if they enter the soil, they may be transported by agricultural activities, negatively affecting crop yield and biodiversity. It is unknown whether substances from different alien species in combination have a greater impact on crops and wild plants than if they are from only one of the alien species. In this study, we used a set of common garden experiments to test the hypothesis that mixed extracts from two common invasive species have synergistic effects on crops and weeds (defined as all non-crop plants) in European agricultural fields compared to single-species extracts. We found that both the combined and individual extracts had detrimental effects on the seed germination, seedling growth, biomass, and photosynthetic performance of both crops and weeds. We found that the negative effect of mixed extracts was not additive and that crop plants were more strongly affected by invasive species extracts than the weeds. Our results are important for managing invasive species in unique ecosystems on agricultural land and preventing economic losses in yield production.
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Published online: 13 December 2023
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© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http:// creat iveco mmons. org/ licen ses/ by/4. 0/.