Na2S Presodiation Enables Long Cycling Anode-Free Sodium Batteries via Rapid Spontaneous Reactions
Date
2025
Authors
Chen, Y.
Ye, C.
Li, H.
Kao, C.C.
Liu, J.
Qiao, S.Z.
Editors
Advisors
Journal Title
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Volume Title
Type:
Journal article
Citation
Advanced Functional Materials, 2025; 2502343-1-2502343-10
Statement of Responsibility
Yujie Chen, Chao Ye, Huan Li, Chun-Chuan Kao, Jiahao Liu, Shi-Zhang Qiao
Conference Name
Abstract
Anode-free sodium batteries (AFSBs) with high energy density and low-cost suffer from low cycling capacity retention due to the limited amount of active sodium ions and their rapid consumption. To address this issue, this study demonstrates an air-stable Al/C-Na₂S@Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ sandwich-structured cathode containing 37.8% extra active sodium ions, in which high-sodium-content sodium sulfide (Na₂S) is utilized as a presodiation reagent to introduce additional active sodium ions via an industrially scalable spraying method. Benefiting from the rapid spontaneous reaction between Na₂Sₓ and Na₃−ₓV₂(PO₄)₃ (NVP), the polysulfides are immobilized within the cathode and converted to S₈ at low voltage and without the assistance of catalysts. The Na₂S@NVP electrodes can be stored and operated in a dry environment, compatible with existing electrode production processes. The integration of low-cost zinc foil with high reversibility for sodium plating/stripping as anode current collector effectively reduces sodium loss. The fabricated Na₂S@NVP||Zn AFSBs retain 70.8% NVP active site utilization after stable cycling over 300 cycles at 1C, highlighting its potential for large-scale applications.
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© 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Functional Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.