A genome-wide association study of body mass index across early life and childhood
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Date
2015
Authors
Warrington, N.
Howe, L.
Paternoster, L.
Kaakinen, M.
Herrala, S.
Huikari, V.
Wu, Y.
Kemp, J.
Timpson, N.
Pourcain, B.
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Journal article
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International Journal of Epidemiology, 2015; 44(2):700-712
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Nicole M Warrington, Laura D Howe, Lavinia Paternoster, Marika Kaakinen, Sauli Herrala, Ville Huikari, Yan Yan Wu, John P Kemp, Nicholas J Timpson, Beate St Pourcain, George Davey Smith, Kate Tilling, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Craig E Pennell, David M Evans, Debbie A Lawlor, Laurent Briollais and Lyle J Palmer
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Abstract
Several studies have investigated the effect of known adult body mass index (BMI) associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on BMI in childhood. There has been no genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BMI trajectories over childhood.We conducted a GWAS meta-analysis of BMI trajectories from 1 to 17 years of age in 9377 children (77,967 measurements) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Genome-wide significant loci were examined in a further 3918 individuals (48,530 measurements) from Northern Finland. Linear mixed effects models with smoothing splines were used in each cohort for longitudinal modelling of BMI.A novel SNP, downstream from the FAM120AOS gene on chromosome 9, was detected in the meta-analysis of ALSPAC and Raine. This association was driven by a difference in BMI at 8 years (T allele of rs944990 increased BMI; PSNP = 1.52 × 10(-8)), with a modest association with change in BMI over time (PWald(Change) = 0.006). Three known adult BMI-associated loci (FTO, MC4R and ADCY3) and one childhood obesity locus (OLFM4) reached genome-wide significance (PWald < 1.13 × 10(-8)) with BMI at 8 years and/or change over time.This GWAS of BMI trajectories over childhood identified a novel locus that warrants further investigation. We also observed genome-wide significance with previously established obesity loci, making the novel observation that these loci affected both the level and the rate of change in BMI. We have demonstrated that the use of repeated measures data can increase power to allow detection of genetic loci with smaller sample sizes.
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© The Author 2015; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.