Depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in Iran: a confirmatory factor analytic study of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children

Date

2013

Authors

Essau, C.
Olaya, B.
Pasha, G.
Gilvarry, C.
Bray, D.

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Journal article

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Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 2013; 44(1):123-136

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Cecilia A. Essau, Beatriz Olaya, Gholamreza Pasha, Catherine Gilvarry, Diane Bray

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Abstract

This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Iranian translation of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) in school children and adolescents in Iran. The CES-DC is a 20-item self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. A total of 1,984 children and adolescents, aged 12-17 years, participated in this research. In addition to the CES-DC, all participants completed the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The CES-DC demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach Alpha = .87). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed the same four factor structure as proposed by Radloff. Invariance tests showed an equivalent structure among boys and girls and younger and older adolescents. The CES-DC total scores correlated significantly with the SCAS total scores and the SDQ emotional symptoms subscale, providing support of its convergent validity. To conclude, the CES-DC proved to be a reliable and valid measure of depressive symptoms in the Iranian context.

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First online: 20 June 2012

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© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012

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